Why is a carboxylation and a decarboxylation required to form phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate?

Q: During starvation, the glycerol backbone of triacylglycerols can be used to make glucose. What…

A: Gluconeogenesis is the pathway by which glucose is formed from non-hexose precursors such as…

Q: We have stated that fatty acids cannot yield a net gain in carbohydrates in organisms that lack a…

A: Fatty acids are the simplest form of lipids and serve as constituents in a large number of complex…

Q: Assume that the 2nd carbon atom of pyruvate is labeled with C14 and then the labeled pyruvate is…

A: Introduction : The term "metabolism" is directed to all the chemical reactions that occur in an…

Q: ve the appгоpпа of the enzyme ihat calalyzes ach of trNe eactions? CH, – C – H II a.CH, CH,OH + На…

A: Enzymes can be defined as the biological catalyst that does not participate in the reaction but…

Q: Why does the OH group add to the b-carbon rather than to the a-carbon in the second reaction in…

A: Beta oxidation is oxidation of fatty acid on beta carbon. It is mainly divided into three steps:…

Q: Which of the following is true about b-amylase? O It breaks the internal alpha-(1---> 6) glycosidic…

A: Introduction: Amylase is an enzyme that degrades starch into sugars. It was first isolated by French…

Q: a) Draw an alpha 16 linkage between N-acetylglucosamine (phosphorylated at carbon number 6) and…

A: following image shows the alpha 1 6 glycosidic linkage.

Q: Identify the molecule produce by the phosphorylation of ADP.

A: Energy is used by cells to carry out their essential tasks. Through the breakdown of organic…

Q: Which of the following is found in the coenzyme FAD?(a) Two heterocyclic rings (b) ADP(c) A…

A: FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) is an oxidizing agent in catabolic reactions. It is reduced to two…

Q: Select the following enzymes that utilize a mechanism where ATP serves as the phosphate donor.…

A: Aerobic metabolism is a set of three basic metabolic processes that occur in cells to generate…

Q: Name the heterocyclic substituent found in the molecule shown according to the general type of…

A: A cyclic compound containing a ring structure that has atoms from different elements (at least 2)…

Q: Draw one example of an interaction the enzyme could provide that would stabilize this transition…

A: Enzyme catalyzed reaction proceeds through transition state(s). A transition state is a very short…

Q: 2 a) Describe the structure of a glycogen molecule. (you can explain without drawing) b) List the…

A: Glucose is a six-carbon sugar that is the most important energy source in the living world. Glucose…

Q: How many possible epimers of d-glucose exist?

A: Epimers are stereoisomers which have same molecular formula but differ in single chiral carbon atom…

Q: What metabolic defect can cause galactosemia?

A: Lactose is a disaccharide and it is also commonly called milk sugar. The biological source of…

Q: Peroxisomes have an alternative pathway for oxidizing polyunsaturated fatty acids. They contain a…

A: Consider linoleate, a C18 polyunsaturated fatty acid with cis-∆9 and cis-∆12 double bonds. When…

Q: The adduct acetoacetyl-acyl carrier protein is formed as an intermediate during fatty acid…

A: Malonyl CoA is a 3-carbon acyl CoA formed when acetyl CoA reacts with bicarbonate ion. Acetyl CoA is…

Q: Show the reaction mechanism for the catabolism of proline.

A: Proline plays an important role in metabolism and is being recognised as an important amino acid in…

Q: When transaminated, the three branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) form…

A: Maple syrup urine disease is caused by a deficiency in the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase…

Q: Write the structures for the molecule that best fits the answer to the following: d) the final…

A: The process of breakdown of glucose to generate the energy molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is…

Q: It is important to note that galactose is an important component of glyco- proteins. What is the…

A: Galactose is a hexose differing from glucose only by the hydroxyl group configuration at the…

Q: CH2OH 바 조 он г 어 H CH2OH ㅇ 애 1 에 Beta-Derunopyranose KH H+ H2M осH2он 애 애 애 alpha- D- erunopyrunose

A: Carbohydrates or carbs are maconutrient consisting of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. In nature…

Q: Starting with the open-chain form of D-ribose, write equations for the cyclization reactions that…

A: Ribose sugar can be present in open-chain or in the cyclic rings. But the form more preferred is the…

Q: Starting from glutamine ,glycine, aspartate, N-10 formal-ThF ,how many ATP equivalents are required…

A: Glutamine : It is the most abundant amino acid in the body.It is synthesized in the  muscles and the…

Q: Why might the compound shown below act as a transition state analog of phosphoglucose isomerase? A…

A: Phosphoglucose isomerase  (PGI) is an enzyme belongs to class of isomerase enzyme which catalyzes…

Q: Transamination reactions have been described as ping-pong reactions. Use the reaction of alanine…

A: Ping pong reaction is also considered as the double displacement reaction, in which one group is…

Q: Which of the following gives rise to y-amino butyrate? a) Pyruvate decarboxylation b) Glutamine…

A: γ-Amino butyrate (GABA) is an amino acid derivative that is synthesized from glutamate through a…

Q: The enzyme prenyl transferase is responsible for condensing isopentenyl pyrophosphate units during…

A: Prenyl transferases These are referred as class of enzymes that are involved in transfering allylic…

Q: How is the glycerol 3-phosphate required for phosphatidate synthesis generated?

A: Phosphatidate is an essential biomolecule as phospholipids which form an essential part of the cell…

Q: What is meant by the statement that a pathway is amphibolic?

A: There are various biochemical reactions that occur in each living organism. They are important for…

Q: How many ATP equivalents are consumed in the conversion of each of the following to a glucosyl…

A: The free radical structure is univalent and occurs with the removal of the hemiacetal hydroxyl group…

Q: Xylose has the same structure as that of glucose except that it has a hydrogen atom at G-5 in place…

A: To answer this question we should have knowledge of Biochemistry.

Q: Draw the enediolate intermediate of the ribulose-5-phosphate isomerasereaction (Ru5P → R5P).

A: An enediol is an alkene enol with a hydroxyl group attached to both carbon atoms of the carbon…

Q: On a per‑carbon basis, where does the largest amount of biologically available energy in…

A: Triacylglycerols (triglycerides, TAG) are the main storage forms of fatty acids.   They are esters…

Q: Answer the following questions regarding the trisaccharide composed of a glucose, mannose and…

A: Hi! Thanks for your question. As you have posted multiple questions and have not mentioned which one…

Q: what will be the effect of hot dry conditions in the carboxylase activity of RuBisCO?

A: Introduction: RUBISCO (ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase) is an enzyme present in…

Q: What is a major difference between transketolase and transaldolase?

A: Transketolase and transaldolase are the enzymes which is used in the HMP shunt pathway. where the…