Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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- Facilitated diffusion is different from simple diffusion because O molecules are small. Owater is transported. energy is used. there is no concentration gradient. proteins act as helpers.arrow_forwardAldosterone is a steroid hormone that freely enters the target cells to act within the cell. Epinephrine is a polar monoamine (amino acid) hormone that interacts with receptors on the cell's surface. What accounts for this difference? [Select any/all that apply.] Steroids are charged and hydrophilic, so aldosterone passed through a transport protein. Steroids are hydrophobic so aldosterone passed through the membrane by simple diffusion. Epinepherine (amino acid) hormone is hydrophilic, so it cannot diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer. Epinepherine (amino acid) hormone could diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer but it is attracted to the receptor protein.arrow_forwardRate of diffusion through a membrane is: Group of answer choices Inversely proportional to the surface area of the membrane. Directly proportional to the thickness of the membrane. Directly proportional to the concentration gradient. All of the above.arrow_forward
- The movement of water is called osmosis. Osmosis is the diffusion of water, and it too moves to reach equilibrium. The relationship between solute concentration and water are opposite. An area with high concentration of solute has less water "concentration", and an area of low solute concentration has a higher water "concentration". Select the options that describe the movement of water if there is a gradient across a membrane. Hint: There are two correct answers. One with the solute perspective and one with a water perspective. Select all that apply: Water moves from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration. Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. Water moves from an area of high water "concentration" to an area of low water "concentration". Water moves from an area of low water "concentration" to an area of high water "concentration".arrow_forwardBelow is a picture of the sodium-potassium (Na*/K*) pump. Na Higher concentration Lower concentration Na* ATP protein pump K* Lower concentration Higher concentration (i) When sodium and potassium ions move across the membrane using the Na*/K* pump, they are using which type of cell membrane transport? ( (ii) In your own words, describe the process by which sodium ions cross the membrane using the Na*/K* pump. Incorporate into your answer all of the following terms; higher concentration, lower concentration, ATP, concentration gradient, Na*/K* pump. (iii) In your own words, describe the process by which potassium ions cross the membrane using the Na*/K* pump. Incorporate into your answer all of the following terms; higher concentration, lower concentration, ATP, concentration gradient. Na /K pump Edit View Insert Format Tool 12pt Paragrapharrow_forwardWhat molecule below does not need assistance crossing the plasma membrane? oxygen glucose sodium ion calcium ionarrow_forward
- Select the correct statments regarding transport of molecules across the cell membrane. Non-mediated transport is susceptible to saturation of transporter/channel proteins. Channels and transporters need not use energy to transport solute down the concentration gradient. The Na+/K+ antiport takes advantage of electrochemical gradients to exchange Na+ and K+ ions across the cell membrane. Active transport via electrochemical gradients relies on the passive transport of one solute to transport a second solute against the concentration gradient. Describe the three main sources of membrane fluidityarrow_forwardThe outward movement of protons (H+), and the inward movement of sodium ions (Na+), across the plasma membrane of a muscle cell (using the existing sodium gradient), is: one example of facilitated diffusion one example of an antiport system one example of a symport system one example of a uniport system one example of simple diffusionarrow_forwardThe number and size of organelles in a cell correlates with that cell's function. Propose a function for cells that contain extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum. [Select the best answer.] ATP production. O Production and processing of lipid hormones. Movement. Production of proteins that are secreted from the cell. Phagocytosis and destruction of bacteria. Detoxification of drugs.arrow_forward
- Which one of the following pieces of evidence would prove that a substance enters a cell by.active rather than passive transport? The substance being moved is water The substance enters the cell by going down its gradient The breakdown of ATP is needed The substance is moved across the cell membrane by a carrier proteinarrow_forwardGated transport occurs in which of the following pathways? A: from the cytosol to ______? Endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria or cell nucleus etc?arrow_forwardClassify each phrase based on whether it describes or gives an example of facilitated diffusion, active transport, or both.arrow_forward
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