Which of the following is the most important structure related to microbial attachment?  a)Flagellum b) Plasmid c) Peptidoglycan d) Glycocalix

14) A streptobacillus shaped bacteria have the following shape/sructure: a) long chain of capsule/rodshaped cells b) long chain of spherical-shaped cells c) a single spherical-shaped cell d) a single capsule/rod-shaped cell e) none of the above.15) If you are a passenger on the “Magic School Bus” and you want to “explore” the cytoplasmic component of a Gram -ve bacteria, you will have to go through: a) two membranes separated by periplasm and thick peptidoglycan region b) two membranes separated by periplasm and thin peptidoglycan region c) A glycocalyx and a membrane separated by a thin peptidoglycan region d) a thin peptidoglycan region & one membrane e) a thick peptidoglycan region & one membrane 16) If you are a passenger on the “Magic School Bus” and you want to “explore” the cytoplasmic component of a Gram +ve bacteria, you will have to go through: a) two membranes separated by periplasm and thick peptidoglycan region b) two membranes separated by periplasm and thin…

You are interested in studying the surface structure of an Archaea cell, what type of microscopy will you use? a) scanning electron microscopy b) phase-contrast microscopy c) transmission electron microscopy d) bright-field microscopy

You wish to identify the presence of a specific protein inside the cell. What microscopy technique should you use? a) Transmission electron microscopy b) Light microscopy Oc) Scanning electron microscopy d) Fluorescent microscopy e) None of the above

The time interval required for the formation of two cells from one is called the A) generation time. B) growth time. C) growth rate. D) division rate.

15- Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell due to its role in producing energy? a) Nucleus b) Lysosome c) Vacuole d) Mitochondria 16- What is the function of ribosomes in a cell? a) Storage of genetic information b) Synthesis of proteins c) Breakdown of waste materials. d) Synthesis of lipids 17- Which of the following is NOT a function of the nucleus in a cell? a) Storage of genetic information b) Control of cell activities c) Synthesis of proteins d) Reproduction of the cell 18- Which organelle is responsible for packaging and sorting proteins for transport within the cell or secretion outside the cell? a) Endoplasmic reticulum b) Nucleus c) Golgi apparatus d) Vacuole 19- What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell? a) Cellular respiration b) Cellular communication c) Cell division. d) Structural support and cell movement

For which of the following apply: the extracellular space is eliminated here near the surface between two cells. A) Zonula adherens B)Zonula  occluded C) Desmosome D) Gap junction E) Hemidesmosome

Which antibiotic listed would be most effective against E Coli?

a) Biofilm is:   a. a complex established community of microorganisms on solid surfaces   b. is a layer of millions of identical bacteria on solid surfaces   c. is a layer of compounds released from the tissue as a protection against pathogenic microorganisms   d. All of these are correct b) Capsule formation is associated with the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. Why? Select all that apply.   a. They are sticky and attach better   b. They can escape phagocytosis   c. The capsule makes them grow/multiply faster   d. They kill immune cells

44- Which organelle is responsible for the storage, modification, and packaging of proteins for secretion? a) Nucleus b) Ribosome c) Lysosome d) Golgi apparatus 45- Which organelle is responsible for the production of enzymes involved in cellular respiration? a) Nucleus b) Mitochondria c) Chloroplast d) Vacuole 46-What is the function of the nucleoid in prokaryotic cells? a) Storage of genetic information b) Synthesis of lipids c) Protein synthesis d) Regulation of water balance 47- Which organelle is responsible for the formation of spindle fibers during cell division? a) Nucleus b) Centriole c) Golgi apparatus d) Endoplasmic reticulum 48- What is the function of the contractile vacuole in certain single -celled organisms? a) Energy production b) Intracellular digestion c) Regulation of water balance d) Synthesis of proteins