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Science
Chemistry
Which of the following is a neutral ion? O Ca2+ ○ W6+ O NO₂ OHSO4 CIO
Which of the following is a neutral ion? O Ca2+ ○ W6+ O NO₂ OHSO4 CIO
BUY
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
11th Edition
ISBN:
9781285869759
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
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1 Matter, Energy, And Measurement
2 Atoms
3 Chemical Bonds
4 Chemical Reactions
5 Gases, Liquids, And Solids
6 Solutions And Colloids
7 Reaction Rates And Chemical Equilibrium
8 Acids And Bases
9 Nuclear Chemistry
10 Organic Chemistry
11 Alkanes
12 Alkenes And Alkynes
13 Benzene And Its Derivatives
14 Alcohols, Ethers, And Thiols
15 Chirality: The Handedness Of Molecules
16 Amines
17 Aldehydes And Ketones
18 Carboxylic Acids
19 Carboxylic Anhydrides, Esters, And Amides
20 Carbohydrates
21 Lipids
22 Proteins
23 Enzymes
24 Chemical Communications: Neurotransmitters And Hormones
25 Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, And Heredity
26 Gene Expression And Protein Synthesis
27 Bioenergetics: How The Body Converts Food To Energy
28 Specific Catabolic Pathways: Carbohydrate, Lipid, And Protein Metabolism
29 Biosynthetic Pathways
30 Nutrition
31 Immunochemistry
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3.1 What Do We Need To Know Before We Begin?
3.2 What Is The Octet Rule?
3.3 How Do We Name Anions And Cations?
3.4 What Are The Two Major Types Of Chemical Bonds?
3.5 What Is An Ionic Bond?
3.6 How Do We Name Ionic Compounds?
3.7 What Is A Covalent Bond?
3.8 How Do We Name Binary Covalent Compounds?
3.9 What Is Resonance?
3.10 How Do We Predict Bond Angles In Covalent Molecules?
3.11 How Do We Determine If A Molecule Is Polar?
Chapter Questions
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Problem 3.17P: 3-17 Answer true or false. (a) The octet rule refers to the chemical bonding patterns of the first...
Problem 3.18P: 3-18 How many electrons must each atom gain or lose to acquire an electron configuration identical...
Problem 3.19P: 3-19 Show how each chemical change obeys the octet rule. (a) Lithium forms Li+ ( b) Oxygen forms O2-
Problem 3.20P: 3-20 Show how each chemical change obeys the octet rule. (a) Hydrogen forms W- (hydride ion) (b)...
Problem 3.21P: 3-21 Write the formula for the most stable ion formed by each element. (a) Mg (b) F (c) Al (d)S (e)K...
Problem 3.22P: 3-22 Why is Li- not a stable ion?
Problem 3.23P: 3-23 Predict which ions are stable: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f)
Problem 3.24P: 3-24 Predict which ions are stable: (a) Br2- (b) C4- (c) Ca+ (d) Ar+ (e) Na+ (f) Cs+
Problem 3.25P: 3-25 Why are carbon and silicon reluctant to form ionic bonds?
Problem 3.26P: 3-26 Table 3-2 shows the following ions of copper: Cu+ and Cu2+. Do these violate the octet rule?...
Problem 3.27P: 3-27 Answer true or false. (a) For Group lA and Group 2A elements, the name of the ion each forms is...
Problem 3.28P: 3-28 Name each polyatomic ion. (a) HCO3- (b) NO2- (c) SO42- (d) HSO4- (e) H2PO4-
Problem 3.29P: 3-29 Answer true or false. (a) According to the Lewis model of bonding, atoms bond together in such...
Problem 3.30P
Problem 3.31P: 3-31 Why does electronegativity generally increase going from left to right across a row of the...
Problem 3.32P: 3-32 Judging from their relative positions in the Periodic Table, which element in each pair has the...
Problem 3.33P
Problem 3.34P: 3-34 Which of these bonds is the most polar? The least polar? (a) CN (b) CC (c) CO
Problem 3.35P: 3-35 Classify each bond as nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic. (a) CCl (b) CLi (c) CN
Problem 3.36P: 3-36 Classify each bond as nonpolar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic. (a) CBr ( b) SCl (c) CP
Problem 3.37P: 3-37 Answer true or false. (a) An ionic bond is formed by the combination of positive and negative...
Problem 3.38P: 3-38 Complete the chart by writing formulas for the compounds formed: Br- MnO4- O2- NO3- SO42- PO43-...
Problem 3.39P: 3-39 Write a formula for the ionic compound formed from each pair of elements. (a) Sodium and...
Problem 3.40P
Problem 3.41P: 3-41 Describe the structure of sodium chloride in the solid state.
Problem 3.42P: 3-42 What is the charge on each ion in these compounds? (a) CaS (b) MgF2 (c) Cs2O (d) ScCl3 (e)...
Problem 3.43P: 3-43 Write the formula for the compound formed from the following pairs of ions: (a) Iron(III) ion...
Problem 3.44P: 3-44 Write the formula for the ionic compound formed from the following pairs of ions: (a) Iron(II)...
Problem 3.45P: 3-45 Which formulas are not correct? For each that is not correct, write the correct formula. (a)...
Problem 3.46P: 3-46 Which formulas are not correct? For each that is not correct, write the correct formula. (a)...
Problem 3.47P: 3-47 Answer true or false. (a) The name of a binary ionic compound consists of the name of the...
Problem 3.48P: 3-48 Potassium chloride and potassium bicarbonate are used as potassium dietary supplements. Write...
Problem 3.49P
Problem 3.50P: 3-50 Name the polyatomic ion(s) in each compound. (a) Na2SO3 (b) KNO3 (c) Cs2CO3 (d) NH4OH (e)...
Problem 3.51P: 3-51 Write the formulas for the ions present in each compound. (a) NaBr (b) FeSO3 (c) Mg3(PO4)2 (d)...
Problem 3.52P
Problem 3.53P: 3-53 Write formulas for the following ionic compounds: (a) Potassium bromide (b) Calcium oxide (c)...
Problem 3.54P: 3-54 Write formulas for the following ionic compounds: (a) Ammonium hydrogen sulfite (b) Magnesium...
Problem 3.55P
Problem 3.56P: 3-56 How many covalent bonds are normally formed by each element? (a)N ( b)F (c)C (d)Br (e)O
Problem 3.57P: 3-57 What is: (a) A single bond? (b) A double bond? (c) A triple bond?
Problem 3.58P: 3-58 In Section 2-3B, we saw that there are seven diatomic elements. (a) Draw Lewis structures for...
Problem 3.59P
Problem 3.60P
Problem 3.61P
Problem 3.62P
Problem 3.63P: 3-63 What is the difference between (a) a bromine atom, (b) a bromine molecule, and (c) a bromide...
Problem 3.64P: 3-64 Acetylene (C2H2), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and nitrogen (N2) each contain a triple bond. Draw a...
Problem 3.65P
Problem 3.66P: 3-66 Why can’t second-row elements have more than eight electrons in their valence shells? That is,...
Problem 3.67P: 3-67 Why does nitrogen have three bonds and one unshared pair of electrons in covalent compounds?
Problem 3.68P: 3-68 Draw a Lewis structure of a covalent compound in which nitrogen has: (a) Three single bonds and...
Problem 3.69P
Problem 3.70P: 3-70 Draw a Lewis structure of a covalent compound in which oxygen has: (a) Two single bonds and two...
Problem 3.71P
Problem 3.72P
Problem 3.73P
Problem 3.74P: 3-74 Answer true or false. (a) A binary covalent compound contains two kinds of atoms. (b) The two...
Problem 3.75P
Problem 3.76P
Problem 3.77P: 3-77 Ozone, O3, is an unstable blue gas with a characteristic pungent odor. In an ozone molecule,...
Problem 3.78P: 3-78 Nitrous oxide, N20, laughing gas, is a colorless, nontoxic, tasteless, and odorless gas. It is...
Problem 3.79P: 3-79 Answer true or false. (a) The letters VSEPR stand for valence-shell electron-pair repulsion....
Problem 3.80P
Problem 3.81P
Problem 3.82P: 3-82 Hydrogen and nitrogen combine in different ratios to form three compounds: NH3 (ammonia),...
Problem 3.83P
Problem 3.84P
Problem 3.85P
Problem 3.86P
Problem 3.87P: 3-87 Consider the molecule boron trffluoride, BF3. (a) Write a Lewis structure for BF3. (b) Predict...
Problem 3.88P
Problem 3.89P: 3-89 Is it possible for a molecule to have no polar bonds and yet have a dipole? Explain.
Problem 3.90P
Problem 3.91P
Problem 3.92P
Problem 3.93P
Problem 3.94P
Problem 3.95P
Problem 3.96P
Problem 3.97P
Problem 3.98P
Problem 3.99P: 3-99 Knowing what you do about covalent bonding in compounds of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen and...
Problem 3.100P
Problem 3.101P
Problem 3.102P
Problem 3.103P
Problem 3.104P
Problem 3.105P: 3-105 Consider the structure of Vitamin E shown below, which is found most abundantly in wheat germ...
Problem 3.106P: 3-106 Consider the structure of Penicillin G shown below, an antibiotic used to treat bacterial...
Problem 3.107P: 3-107 Ephedrine, a molecule at one time found in the dietary supplement ephedra, has been linked to...
Problem 3.108P
Problem 3.109P: 3-109 Until several years ago, the two chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) most widely used as heat transfer...
Problem 3.110P: 3-110 Name and write the formula for the fluorine containing compound present in fluoridated tooth...
Problem 3.111P
Problem 3.112P
Problem 3.113P
Problem 3.114P
Problem 3.115P
Problem 3.116P
Problem 3.117P
Problem 3.118P
Problem 3.119P: 3-119 Perchloroethylene, which is a liquid at room temperature, is one of the most widely used...
Problem 3.120P: 3-120 Vinyl chloride is the starting material for the production of poly(vinyl chloride),...
Problem 3.121P: 3-121 Tetrafluoroethylene is the starting material for the production of poly(tetrafluoroethylene),...
Problem 3.122P: 3-122 Some of the following structural formulas are incorrect because they contain one or more atoms...
Problem 3.123P: 3-123 Sodium borohydride, NaBH4, has found wide use as a reducing agent in organic chemistry. It is...
Problem 3.124P
Problem 3.125P
Problem 3.126P
Problem 3.127P: 3-127 Amoxicillin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible...
Problem 3.128P
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Which of the following is a neutral ion? O Ca2+ ○ W6+ O NO₂ OHSO4 CIO
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