Which of the following describes the usefulness of a Gram stain. Select all that apply. a. A Gram stain can be used to check for bacteria at the site of a suspected infection or in certain body fluids, such as blood or urine. b. A Gram stain can be used to determine whether penicillin will be effective at treating the patient or whether a different antibiotic should be used. c. A Gram stain can determine whether the bacteria have a thick or thin layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall.

Which of the following describes the usefulness of a Gram stain. Select all that apply. a. A Gram stain can be used to check for bacteria at the site of a suspected infection or in certain body fluids, such as blood or urine. b. A Gram stain can be used to determine whether penicillin will be effective at treating the patient or whether a different antibiotic should be used. c. A Gram stain can determine whether the bacteria have a thick or thin layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall.

Basic Clinical Laboratory Techniques 6E

6th Edition

ISBN:9781133893943

Author:ESTRIDGE

Publisher:ESTRIDGE

Chapter8: Basic Parasitology

Section8.2: Collecting And Processing Specimens For Parasite Detection

Problem 8RQ

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a: What are the components of a Romanowsky stain? b: What is the optimum pH for staining with Giemsa. c: Name two conditions which will affect the quality of your staining. d: What is a panoptic stain. Give one example. e: Name two blood parasites that can be demonstrated using the Giemsa stain.
a. Identify the cell shape, cell arrangement, and Gram reaction of the Unknown microbe in the image below. b. Suppose the corresponding Gram negative control were purple. Explain what step(s) of the Gram stain you would adjust and how you would adjust them to ensure the accuracy of your Unknown results
What are Romanowsky stains? Name four of these. b: What are the components of a Romanowsky stain? b: What is the optimum pH for staining with Giemsa. c: Name two conditions which will affect the quality of your staining. d: What is a panoptic stain. Give one example. e: Name two blood parasites that can be demonstrated using the Giemsa stain.
Explain the principle of Gram staining. (You do not need to describe the procedure step by step).
Select all that apply to a direct simple stain: 1. the dye is acidic or negatively charged and stains the background 2. uses multiple dyes in the procedure 3. cells will never be distorted or shrunken 4. uses only 1 dye in the procedure 5. does involve a washing step 6. can be used to determine cell morphology, size, and arrangement. 7. does involve fixing 8. the dye is basic or positively charged and stains the bacteria 9. cells may be distorted or shrunken 10. does not involve a washing step 11. does not involve fixing
What is the purpose of diluting a culture by making "quadrant streaks" (or "streak plating") bacteria, and what can we use them for? Check all that apply A. To observe colony morphology/color B. To isolate viral plaques C. testing growth conditions or treatments (such as media, antibiotics, incubation temperature etc.,) D. To isolate a clonal population of bacteria from the rest of the culture E. For subculturing (transferring to new media so we can grow more bacteria, storing the plate in a fridge for repeated use so the bacteria don't die quickly) F. Accurate quantification (to calculate CFU/mL) G. To know what strain of bacteria you're working with, since you can tell based on how it looks on the plate. H. To lower risk of contamination/identify contamination
Which of the following is/are true regarding the acid-fast stain? (There may be more than one correct answer.) Non-acid-fast microbes appear blue in a completed acid-fast stain. O Acid-fast cells retain the primary dye after treatment with acid-alcohol. O It is used to identify members of the genus Mycobacterium. V Acid-fast cells appear bright pink/red in a completed acid-fast stain. O If cells are acid-fast, they are gram-negative.
Name two conditions, which will affect the quality of your staining. B.What is a panoptic stain? Give one example. C.Name two blood parasites that can be demonstrated using the Giemsa stain.
Briefly discuss the difference between simple and differential staining? Which is better suited for common clinical microbiology laboratory applications?
Why is it important to limit the quantity of cells used to prepare a smear? Mark all that apply: 1. So that cells are not clumped and don't entrap stain creating erroneous results 2. So that the cells are spread out enough that cell morphology can be discerned 3. So that there are small groups of cells clumped together to make them visible 4. So that no contaminants are introduced onto the slide by being entrapped in clumps 5. So that the cells are spread out enough that the arrangement can be observed
Select all that apply to a negative stain: 1. involves a washing step 2. cells may be distorted or shrunken 3. uses an acidic or negatively charged dye which stains the background 4. uses multiple dyes in the procedure 5. uses only 1 dye in the procedure 6. involves fixing 7. does not involve fixing 8. cells will not be distorted or shrunken 9. does not involve a washing step 10. can show cell morphology, size, and arrangement 11. uses a basic or positively charged dye which stains the bacterial cells
Why are basic dyes more effective for bacterial staining than acidic dyes? State two ways that can confirm whether a bacterial smear has been correctly prepared or not. Why should you be careful not to underheat a smear during the heat-fixing process? Why do you think the presence of grease or dirt on a glass slide will result in a poor smear preparation? Cite two or three reasons.