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A substantial amount of energy is put into the photosynthetic electron transport to extract electronsf from water and to elevate the energy level of ferredoxin to a very strong reductant. The amount of energy in one NADPH is 218 kJ.mol-1.
What is the percentage of this energy conserved in NADPH for the production of one mole of oxygen?
What happened to the rest of the energy?
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- Plants convert carbon dioxide and water to glucose 1C6H12O62 and oxygen in the process of photosynthesis. Write a balanced equation for this reaction, and determine how many moles of CO2 are required to produce 15.0 mol of glucose.Pyruvate oxidizes to form carbon dioxide and water and liberates energy at the rate of 1142.2 kJ/mol. If electron transport also occurs, approximately 12.5 ATP molecules areproduced. The free energy of hydrolysis for ATP is 230.5kJ/mol. What is the apparent efficiency of ATP production?How much fat (in grams) would the body have to burn to produce the daily minimum requirement of 40 kg ATP from ADP and phosphate? Assume that: 1. The fat is metabolized completely to water and carbon dioxide. 2. The energy that is released can be used entirely for ATP production. 3. Complete oxidation of 1 g of fat to water and CO2 releases 9 kcal or 37 kJ. 4. The Delta G for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 kJ/mol. You will have to look up one more value online to answer this question, but you do not need to know anything about lipid metabolism. A) approx. 16 to 17 g of fat B) approx. 65 to 66 g of fat C) approx 22 to 23 kg of fat D) approx. 267 to 268 g of fat E) approx. 5 to 6 kg of fat
- The oxidation of pyruvate produces carbon dioxide and water while liberating energy at a rate of 1142.2 kJ/mol. With the addition of electron transport, roughly 12.5 ATP molecules are created. The free energy required to hydrolyze ATP is 30.5 kJ/mol. What seems to be the apparent efficiency of ATP synthesis?A variety of herbicides kill plants by inhibiting photosynthetic electron transport. Atrazine, a triazine herbicide, blocks electron transport between QA and QB in PSII. The compound 3-(3,4- dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) also blocks electron flow between the two molecules of plastoquinone. Paraquat is a member of a family of compounds called bipyridylium herbicides. Paraquat is reduced by PSI but is easily reoxidized by O2 in a process that produces superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. Plants die because their cell membranes are destroyed by radicals. Of the herbicides just discussed, determine which, if any, are most likely to be toxic to humans and other animals. What specific damage may occur?Pyruvate oxidation yields carbon dioxide and water and liberates energy at the rate of 1142.2 kJ/mol. If electron transport also occurs, approximately 12.5 ATP molecules are produced. The free energy of hydrolysis for ATP is −30.5 kJ/mol. What is the apparent efficiency of ATP production?
- To reduce six molecules of carbon dioxide to one molecule of glucose via photosynthesis, how many molecules of NADPH and ATP are required?The cytochromes are heme-containing proteins that function as electron carriers in the mitochondria. Calculate the difference in the reduction potential (AE°') and the change in the standard free energy (AG°) when the electron flow is from the carrier with the lower reduction potential to the higher. cytochrome c₁ (Fe³+) + e¯ = cytochrome c₁ (Fe2+) E°' = 0.22 V cytochrome c (Fe³+) + e¯ = cytochrome c (Fe²+) E°' = 0.254 V Calculate AE°' and AG°'. AE°' = AG°' = V kJ/molPhotosynthesis is defined as the chemical process, wherein carbon dioxide in the presence of water and radiant energy gets converted to glucose (chemical energy), giving out oxygen as byproducts. In the equation, the combining reactants and resulting products are expressed along with their respective numbers of molecules. Putting this in a simplified formula, the following equation represents this process. CO2 + H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + O2 Considering this equation, how plant lovers (plantitos and plantitas) able to cultivate their plants?
- The net equation for oxidative phosphorylation can be written as 2NADH + 2 H+ + O2 →2 H2O + 2 NAD+. Write an analogous equation for the light reactions of photosynthesis.Under standard conditions, NADH reoxidation by the electron-transport chain has a free-energy change equal to –220 kJ/mol. With 100% efficiency, how many ATP could be synthesized under standard conditions? What is the "actual" efficiency given these numbers?What will be the products from the light-dependent reaction and the Calvin Cycle that are needed? (Include the amount for each) (with solution)