What is the main function(s) of the urinary system? How do the kidneys regulate fluid level? The enzyme renin is secreted by the kidneys. What is the function of renin?

Drinking seawater cannot prevent death by dehydration. What would result if humans attempted to alleviate their dehydration by drinking seawater? justify your answer by describing kidney physiology. why wouldn't reflexes, in response to dehydration, fully compensate and what does this illustrate about the force allowing kidneys to retain water under nromal conditions?

How does urine volume relate to urine color?

How do water and salts exit the blood and convert into urine? In your answer, please discuss the following terms: glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, collecting duct.

What is the relationship between the amount of sodium ions in the blood and nephron function, urine volume, and blood pressure?

What are three disorders of the excretory system? and What are the organs of the excretory system?

What is the proximal convoluted tubule? Why is it called that? What occurs here? Is it in the renal cortex or renal medulla?

Vasopressin is a hormone that is mainly released when the body lacks water. The release of vasopressin causes the kidneys to conserve water by concentrating urine and decreasing urine output. However, vasopressin also has additional functions in other tissues such as the brain and blood vessels, which are not directly involved in urine production. How might vasopressin trigger different responses in different tissues?

Describe how the nephron loo[ andd the collecting duct in the renal medulla interact in producing concentrated urine? How is the decision made whether urine is concentrated or dilute? What are the stimuli? Which hormones play a role?

What is the purpose of making urine?