College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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The "steam" above a freshly made cup of instant coffee is really water vapor droplets condensing after evaporating from the hot coffee. What is the final temperature of 269 g of hot coffee initially at 89.0°C if 1.70 g evaporates from it? The coffee is in a Styrofoam cup, and so other methods of
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- If you lie on the ground at night with no cover, you get cold rather quickly. Much of this is due to energy loss by radiation. At night in a dry climate, the temperature of the sky can drop to -40◦F. If you are lying on the ground with thin clothing that provides little insulation, the surface temperature of your skin and clothes will be about 86 ◦F. Estimate the net rate at which your body loses energy by radiation to the night sky under these conditions.arrow_forward1. A cylindrical aluminum rod is positioned between two enclosed volumes, each con- taining a moles of water. One of these volumes consists of steam and liquid water in thermal equilibrium, while the other contains water and ice in thermal equilibrium. The rod has a length of 24.0 cm, and a cross-sectional area of 14.0 cm². It conducts heat from the hotter volume (condensing steam) to the cooler one (melting ice) in steady-state. Treat the heat loss to the surroundings by the two volumes and the rod as negligible. steam & water aluminum rod water & ice (a) Find the rate (in watts) at which heat is being transferred through the rod. (b) Find the rate (in grams per second) at which the steam is condensing.arrow_forwardThe world's deepest gold mine, which is located in South Africa, is over 5.1 km deep. Every day, the mine transfers enough energy by heat to the mine's cooling systems to melt 348114 kg of ice at 0.0 degrees Celsius. If the energy output from the mine is increased by 9.6 percent, to what final temperature will the 348114 kg of ice-cold water be heated? Latent Heat of fusion of Ice-3.33 × 105 J/kg Specific heat capacity of Water = 4186J/(kg. °C)arrow_forward
- In a physics lab, students are conducting an experiment to learn about the heat capacity of different materials. The first group is instructed to add a number of 1.50 g pellets made of lead, at a temperature of 92.0°C, to 305 g of water at 16.0°C. A second group is given the same number of 1.50 g pellets as the first group, but these are now aluminum pellets. Assume that no heat is lost to or gained from the surroundings for either group. (a) If the final equilibrium temperature of the lead pellets and water is 25.0°C, how many whole pellets did the first group use in the experiment? The specific heat of lead is 0.0305 kcal/(kg · °C). pellets (b) Will the final equilibrium temperature for the second group be higher, lower, or the same as for the first group? The specific heat of aluminum is 0.215 kcal/(kg · °C). O higher O lower O the same (c) What is the equilibrium temperature of the aluminum and water mixture for the second group? °Carrow_forwardA styrofoam cooler (k = 0.030 W/(m-°C) has outside dimensions of 0.170 m x 0.250 m x 0.260 m, and an average thickness of 2.0 cm. How long will it take for 1.10 kg of ice at -5.0°C to melt (to water at 0°C) in the cooler if the outside temperature is 34.0°C? Assume that ice temperature increases linearly from -5.0°C to 0°C. Neglect any temperature change of the air in the cooler. Data: Specific heat of ice is 2050 J/(kg-K). Laten heat of fusion of water is 3.34×105 J/kg.arrow_forwardBecause water is a much more efficient thermal conductor than air, marine mammals often have thick layers of blubber (under-skin fat, with a thermal conductivity of 0.250 W/(m °C)) and a small surface-to-volume ratio to minimize the loss of energy by heat to the surrounding water. The beluga whale, Delphinapterus leucas, is a species of whale native to the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions. The core body temperature of this whale is usually 37.0°C, and its basal metabolic rate (BMR) is 7.30 x 104 kJ/day. The beluga often finds itself near the Arctic ice sheet, where the water temperature is very close to 0°C. (a) Modeling the body of the whale as a cylinder of length h = 4.10 m and diameter d = 1.20 m,estimate the average thickness (in cm) of the beluga's blubber required to keep the core temperature of the whale fixed at 37.0°C. (For simplicity, treat the blubber layer on the lateral cylindrical surface as a rectangular slab with a constant area. Take the front and rear surfaces of the…arrow_forward
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