College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305952300
Author: Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- Imagine a physics lecture hall with 83 students who are settling in for a 1-hour lecture. At the start of the lecture, the temperature of the air in the room is a comfortable 70oF (21.1°C). Unfortunately, the room’s air conditioner breaks right as the lecture begins. Each student has an average power output of about 60.0 W at room temperature. Imagine the energy released by each student goes into heating just the air in the room, which has a volume of 9.50 × 102 m3 and a density of 1.20 kg/m3. Assume the volume of the air remains constant and the specific heat capacity of the air is 718 J/(kg · °C). Calculate the room’s temperature at the end of the lecture in oF (the answer may sound high (!), but in reality, a significant portion of the heat produced would be absorbed by the walls, ceiling, floors, chairs, desks, and so on, which we are neglecting).arrow_forwardA 150-g aluminum cup contains 750 g of water in thermal equilibrium with the cup at 90°C. The combination of cup and water is cooled uniformly so that the temperature decreases by 1.3°C per minute. At what rate is energy being removed? Express your answer in watts. ?Warrow_forwardLead pellets, each of mass 1.00 g, are heated to 200°C. How many pellets must be added to 500 g of water that is initially at 20.0°C to make the equilibrium temperature 25.0°C? Neglect any energy transfer to or from the container.arrow_forward
- What are the surface energy and work function at room temperature (25C), 250C and 300C for the following metal sheets of 10 mil each. Niobium, Tungsten, Tantalum, Rhenium, Ruthenium, Platinum, Aluminum, Stainless Steel (304, 316) . Surface energy is sometimes referred to surface tension. Work Function is a math extension of the surface tension and apparently refers to surface energy. There appears to be a lack of uniform definitions in the academic field regarding each of these definitions. Please clarify if possible.arrow_forwardA typical helium balloon contains 1.1 g of helium gas. At 20°C room temperature, what is the total kinetic energy of the helium in the balloon?arrow_forwardWith the following experimental data, calculate the average ignition temperature and the theoretical minimum ignition heat flux for the following thermally thick material.arrow_forward
- Rubbing your hands together warms them by converting work into thermal energy. a. If a woman rubs her hands a total of 19 times (forward and backwards count separately), at a distance of 7.75 cm per rub, and with an average frictional force of 39 N, what is the temperature increase of her hands, in degrees Celsius? The mass of tissues warmed is only 0.100 kg, mostly in the palms and fingers, and the heat capacity of her hands is 3500 J/(kg⋅°C).arrow_forwardA pond with a flat bottom has a surface area of 700 m² and a depth of 2.6 m. On a warm day, the surface water is at a temperature of 25°C, while the bottom of the pond is at 12°C. Find the rate at which energy is transferred by conduction from the surface to the bottom of the pond. 420 × Your response differs from the correct answer by more than 10%. Double check your calculations. Warrow_forwardWe often cut a watermelon in half and put it into the freezer to cool it quickly. But usually we forget to check on it and end up having a watermelon with a frozen layer on the top. To avoid this potential problem a person wants to set the timer such that it will go off when the temperature of the exposed surface of the watermelon drops to 3°C. Consider a 25-cm-diameter spherical watermelon that is cut into two equal parts and put into a freezer at -12°C. Initially, the entire watermelon is at a uniform temperature of 25°C, and the heat transfer coefficient on the surfaces is 22 W/m2·K. Assuming the watermelon to have the properties of water, determine how long it will take for the center of the exposed cut surfaces of the watermelon to drop to 3°C.arrow_forward
- The p-V diagram in the figure shows two paths along which a sample of gas can be taken from state a to state b, where V = 3.0V1. Path 1 requires that energy equal to 5.0p,V be transferred to the gas as heat. Path 2 requires that energy equal to 5.5p,V, be transferred to the gas as heat. Determine the ratio 2. P1 P2 2 Varrow_forwardWhich of the following statements correctly relates temperature and kinetic energy? A Substances whose molecules have low kinetic energy have high temperatures. Substances with high kinetic energy in their molecules have low temperatures. C The higher a substance's temperature, the greater the kinetic energy of its molecules. The lower a substance's temperature, the greater the kinetic energy of its molecules.arrow_forwardIn an insulated container, you combine hot metal with ice. The ice starts at -20 degree C. The copper starts at 900 degree C. When 15 kg of the copper is combined with an unknown amount of ice, the system reaches equilibrium as soon as all of the ice has boiled to become steam. What is the final temperature of the copper?arrow_forward
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