What is the effect of the altered amino acid sequence in Hb S that causes the cells to form sickle shapes?

Q: When human hemoglobin undergoes a mutation, the mutant protein usually does not replace all of the…

A: The cytosol of red blood cells contains the oxygen-carrying globular protein hemoglobin, which is…

Q: molecular biologist had successfully determined the partial amino acid sequence of an Aedes aegypti…

A: Transcription is a process in which RNA is synthesized with the help of DNA. Next process is…

Q: Sickle cell anemia is caused by a point mutation in the β-globin chain of hemoglobin. Glutamic acid…

A: Introduction : Haemoglobin is a tetrameric proteinmade up of 2 alpha subunits and 2 beta subunits…

Q: Why is it 2n-2?

A: A molecule is called chiral molecules if it cannot be superposed on its mirror image by any of A…

Q: How do you identify the N vs C terminals?  For the first part of the question, do you then list the…

A: Amino acids are the monomers of a polypeptide or protein. Amino acids contain an amino (-NH2) group…

Q: What are the form or style of Covid-19?

A: Covid-19 is one of the deadly viruses that have affected the whole world since 2019. It is important…

Q: that turns glutamine into

A: Glutamine and arginine are both non essential amino acid. Mutations are abrupt changes in DNA that…

Q: In the deoxy state of HB, which of the following does not occur? a) An inter-chain salt bridge…

A: Because hydrogen bonds and salt bridges, or ion-pair bonds, stabilize the deoxygenated form of…

Q: A nonapeptide was treated with dithiothreitol to reduce any disulfide bridges, then partially…

A: Amino acids are the basic unit of the peptide and proteins. They are joined via the peptide bonds to…

Q: Name the base change and aminoacid change,responisble for sickle-cell anemmia?

A: Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder in which the hemoglobin is structurally deformed.

Q: first 20 amino acids of the CFTR protein?

A: CFTR is Cystic Fibrosis transmembrane Regulator Protein is an important protein that maintains the…

Q: Sodium nitrite, a common food preservative (page 906), is capable of causing mutations in an acidic…

A: Sodium nitrite, a common food preservative , is capable of causing mutations in an acidic…

Q: Two possible point mutations are the substitution of lysine for leucine or the substitution of…

A: Amino acid mutations refer to changes in the DNA sequence that result in alterations to the sequence…

Q: Why are there nucleotides (A, T, G, and C) in the master mix? What are the other components of the…

A: PCR is a technique that results in exponential amplification of a selected region of a DNA molecule…

Q: What does tRNA stand for?

A: The central dogma is the theory explaining the process of gene expression that initiates from the…

Q: What are the seven precursors of the 20 amino acids?

A: Amino acid synthesis is the metabolic pathway that produces amino acids from the substrates which…

Q: Insulin is a peptide hormone encoded by the INS gene, which is on chromosome 11. Insulin is produced…

A: The hormone insulin is required by the body to reduce the level of blood glucose. The pancreatic…

Q: What are the 3 steps of amino acid degradation:

A: Amino acids are biomolecules that act as the building blocks of proteins. Biologically important…

Q: What kinds of changes take place in a protein when it is denatured?

A: Denaturation is a process in which a protein loose the quaternary structure, tertiary structure, and…

Q: What are truncated polypeptides?

A: Polypeptides are the long chain of amino acids connected together via peptide bonds. The peptide…

Q: A) describe in molecular detail how protonation of the histidine side-chain results in hemoglobin's…

A: Hemoglobin is the primary protein responsible for the transport of oxygen from lungs to different…

Q: Hemoglobin is a complex protein that contains four polypeptide chains. The normal hemoglobin found…

A: On the basis of the given information, it can easily be concluded that the medical condition of…

Q: Why do acentric fragments get lost?

A: Introduction :- A chromosomal segment with no centromere is known as an acentric fragment.Acentric…

Q: What is the role of the cox1 protein in an organism?

A: Cellular respiration is a metabolic process that take place in the cells of organisms, which…

Q: what is the the function of the protein related to KGD1

A: KGD1 is referred to as the mitochondrial alpha ketoglutarate's subunit. It is a very important…

Q: A normal polypeptide and a mutant of the polypeptide were hydrolyzed by an endopeptidase under the…

A: Chromatography is a useful technique to study the separation of amino acids. Paper chromatography is…

Q: Use the following DNA sequence, and write the resulting messenger RNA sequence

A: When DNA makes it's two copies then this is called replication. When DNA is converted into RNA then…

Q: What is the difference between sickle-cell amino acid sequence and normal amino acid sequence?

A: Sickel-Cell anaemia is a blood disorder in which the specifically the Red Blood Cells becomes…

Q: What type of mutation is sickle cell anemia? Explain the molecular basis of sickle cell anemia.

A: Sickle cell anemia is an abnormal condition that arises due to the mutation in the beta-globin chain…

Q: Which are the Advantages of the lactose system in E. coli?

A: To initiate the transport and metabolism of lactose in Escherichia Coli (E. coli). The lactose…

Q: a variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been found in brazil. this variant contains the mutation…

A: Amino acids are monomers that serve as the protein's building blocks. Amino acids share basic…

Q: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by different types of mutations, many of which…

A: CF is caused by a mutation in a gene called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator…

Q: What is the exact function of loop of henle.

A: Nephron is the microscopic structural and functional unit of the kidney. It is composed of a renal…

Q: Shown in the following table are several amino acid substitutionsin the a and b chains of human…

A: Globins are considered an ancient and varied superfamily of proteins. Hemoglobin is an major protein…

Q: What are siRNAs?

A: The gene is a basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA.The gene is a…

Q: Erk and P-Erk live in two different locations within the cell even though they are just two…

A: * Mitogen activated protein kinase also called as  MAPK and  p42MAPK, and ERK2 * It is an enzyme…

Q: What does the allostery of a protein mean?

A: The term "allostery" has been evolved from past decades. This term has been coined from the era of…

Q: Describe the gene and protein defects in phenylketonuria (PKU). How are these defects connected to…

A: PKU is a rare inherited autosomal recessive condition caused by an inborn defect in phenylalanine…

Q: Give the effect of the following changes in the protein structure of hemoglobin Replacement of…

A: The red blood cells contain a protein called hemoglobin. The hemoglobin is made of four polypeptide…

Q: Explain the one turn/two turn joining (12/23; heptamer/nonamer) rule for VL to JL, DH to JH, and VH…

A: Antibodies in humans consists of heavy and light chains of amino acids, each of which contains…

Q: COVID-19

A: Respiratory system is a biological system which consists of network of organs and tissues that help…

Microbial Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of naming, classifying, and describing organisms. The taxonomy will include all the plants, microorganisms, and animals on this planet. Carl Linnaeus coined the taxonomy term. He is known as the father of taxonomy. Microbial taxonomy is a criterion of grouping microorganisms into groups based on their similarities and past relatedness. Microorganisms belonging to the same group are differentiated from the others via grouping into categories. This differentiation makes the study of microorganisms easy. There are different types of microbial taxonomies like Numerical and Molecular taxonomy. The study of microorganisms is known as microbiology. Microbiology is a broad term that takes into account microbial cultures, taxonomic studies, evolutionary relationships. Microbial interaction and diversity are huge data that needs to be compiled under the subject of microbiology. Microbiology covers various organisms like bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, animals, etc.