Answered: What is the difference between gram…

What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria? Describe how we use this to our advantage in the gram staining process.

Basic Clinical Laboratory Techniques 6E

6th Edition

ISBN:9781133893943

Author:ESTRIDGE

Publisher:ESTRIDGE

Chapter7: Basic Clinical Microbiology

Section7.7: Bacterial Identification And Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

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Concept explainers

Bacterial Morphology

The bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that are single-celled, and are found to exist as free-living and possess a microscopic size. The morphology is found to vary in the bacteria, where some of them are identified as individual organisms and the others are detected as colonies. The size and shape of the bacterial cell also represent its morphology.

Bacterial cell structure

Bacteria are single-celled, tiny creatures that may enter healthy tissues and grow rapidly. Bacteria are microscopic organisms that are tiny and unicellular. These are members of the prokaryote kingdom. They live in water, air, soil, and all-natural environments. They are used in industrial and therapeutic processes, and they support a wide range of plant and animal life. The first organism to appear on the planet. Bacteria-like creatures are the oldest known fossils. Bacteria can consume a wide range of organic and inorganic elements, and some may even survive in harsh conditions.

Question

What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria? Describe how we use this to our advantage in the gram staining process. Hint: Gram positive versus Gram negative!!!

Definition Definition Technique that uses crystal violet or methylene blue as primary staining colors to distinguish gram-positive from gram-negative organisms. Under a microscope, the gram-positive organisms appear purple-brown, retaining the primary color. Gram-negative organisms appear pink or red as they do not acquire the color of the primary stain.

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When performing a Gram stain on a Gram-negative bacteria, why does the bacteria stain pink? Crystal violet stain binds to iodine and remains in the bacterial cell wall because of the thick peptidoglycan layer. Safranin counterstain gets in the bacteria’s cell wall to stain the cell pink. The alcohol wash removes crystal violet and iodine from the bacteria. Crystal violet stain binds to iodine and remains in the bacteria cell wall because of the thick peptidoglycan layer AND Safranin counterstain gets in the bacteria’s cell wall to stain the cell pink. Safranin counterstain gets in the bacteria’s cell wall to stain the cell pink AND The alcohol wash removes crystal violet and iodine from the bacteria.
Why is it important to perform a gram stain for any type of bacteria? After performing the gram stain method what would be the next step? (Think in terms of the real-world situation) Explain.
All of the following are correctly matched and can be found in bacteria EXCEPT: None of the other four answers (all are correctly matched and can be found in bacteria) Nucleus membrane-bound organelle containing multiple chromosomes Ribosomes - site of protein synthesis Cell wall contains peptidoglycan Cell (plasma) membrane - encloses cytoplasm; phospholipid bilayer with proteins
In the Gram stain, gram-positive bacteria are dark purple for all the following reasons EXCEPT: The primary stain, crystal violet, is dark purple The counterstain (safranin) causes the purple color to develop Thick peptidoglycan in the gram-positive cell wall prevents decolorization by alcohol Crystal violet is fixed inside the cell as a CV-Iodine complex once iodine is added None of the other four answers (All are reasons that gram-positive bacteria are purple
If there are bacterial clumps visible in a drop of water on a glass slide, will this affect the staining of the bacteria? If there are bacterial clumps visible in a drop of water on a glass slide, will this affect the staining of the bacteria? No; the clumps will wash away later. Yes; the clumps will hide the individual bacteria. The clumps will not stain. Yes; the clumps of bacterial cells may retain the stains and lead to incorrect data being collected. SubmitRequest Answer
Janet is doing a Gram stain on a mixed culture that is known to contain both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. After finishing, she realizes she mixed up the safranin and alcohol steps. What is likely to be observed when she views the slide under the microscope? All cells will appear purple, regardless of whether they are actually Gram negative or Gram positive. All cells will appear pink, regardless of whether they are actually Gram negative or Gram positive. Gram negative cells will be clear, Gram positive cells will be purple. Gram positive cells will be clear, Gram negative cells will be pink. Cells will appear clear, regardless of whether they are actually Gram negative or Gram positive.
In the Gram stain, gram-negative bacteria appear red for all the following reasons EXCEPT: They stain with safranin because they are colorless at the step where it is added Safranin is a red stain None of the other four answers (all are true) The peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls is too thin to retain the crystal violet-iodine complex when the decolorizer (alcohol) is added The gram-negative cells' outer lipopolysaccharide layer (outer membrane) prevents their being stained by crystal violet in the first step
Identify the cellular morphology for this Gram stain. What is the Gram reaction? What is the bacterial shape? What is the bacterial arrangement? What is the staining dye? [Choose ] [Choose ] Cocci Singles no arrangement Pleomorphic Chains Gram-negative Crystal Violet Phenol Red Bacilli Gram-positive Clusters Safranin
This part of the staining process helps the primary stain to remain in the cell during decolorization. O 1) Secondary stain O 2) primary stain O 3) counterstain O 4) fixing reagent O 5) mordant
Identify the cellular morphology for this Gram stain. L! What is the Gram reaction? What is the bacterial shape? What is the bacterial arrangement? in What is the staining dye? [Choose ] [Choose ] Phenol Red Gram-negative Singles no arrangement Safranin Gram-positive Cocci Bacilli Crystal Violet Chains Clusters Spirilla
Imagine that you are Gram staining a mixed culture of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. If you omitted the iodine (mordant) step in the procedure, what colors would the bacteria on your slide appear to be? ► The gram-positive bacteria would be purple, and the gram-negative would be pink All of the bacteria would look purple All of the bacteria would look pink The bacteria would not be stained at all (clear)
It is called a "Negative Stain" because the stain has a negative charge, and is therefore: repelled by the bacterial surface attracted by the bacterial surface able to penetrate the bacterial surface