What is the chemical formula for lead (VI) oxide? What is the chemical formula for tin (III) sulfide? Which of the following statements is true about ionic bonding?

Explain the difference between a nonpolar covalent bond, a polar covalent bond, and an ionic bond.

a. How many sticks did you need to make the skeleton structure?____________ b. How many sticks are left over? ____________ If your model is to obey the octet rule, each ball must have four sticks in it except for hydrogen atom balls, which need and can only have one. Each atom in an octet rule species is surrounded by four pairs of electrons. c. How many holes remain to be filled? ____________ Fill them with the remaining sticks, which represent nonbonding electron pairs. Draw the complete Lewis structure for NH2Cl using lines for bonds and pairs of dots for nonbonding electrons.

Using the standard enthalpy of formation data in Appendix G, calculate the bond energy of the carbon-sulfur double bond in CS2.

Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas react violently to form water. When this occurs, a very loud noise is heard. Draw the Lewis structures for hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and water. State whether each molecule is polar or nonpolar and why. Explain how the polarity of these molecules is related to hydrogen and oxygen existing in the gas phase at room temperature and water existing in the liquid phase at room temperature. Which is lower in energy for this reaction a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases or water? How do you know this is true?

Use the simulation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/16MolecPolarity) to perform the following exercises for a two-atom molecule: (a) Adjust the electronegativity value so the bond dipole is pointing toward B. Then determine what the electronegativity values must be to switch the dipole so that it points toward A. (b) With a partial positive charge on A, turn on the electric field and describe what happens. (c) With a small partial negative charge on A, turn on the electric field and describe what happens. (d) Reset all, and then with a large partial negative charge on A, turn on the electric field and describe what happens.

In drawing Lewis structures what does octet rule mean? O a. atoms lose electrons until they have only 8 electrons left O b. atoms are stable if they have 8 p electrons OC. Atoms are the most stable if they have 8 valence electrons

Y For parts a to f, consider the loss of electrons by atoms of the element X, and a gain of electrons by atoms of the element Y, if X is in Group 2A (2), Period 3, and Y is in Group 7A (17), Period 3. a. Which reactant has higher electronegativity? b. What are the ionic charges of X and Y? c. Write the electron arrangements for the atoms of X and Y. d. Write the electron arrangements for the ions of X and Y. e. Give the names for the noble gases with the same electron arrangements as the X and Y ions. f. Write the formula and name for the ionic compound formed from X and Y. e. a) Y has the higher electronegativity b)

9. Which pair of atoms would form an ionic bond? a. bromine and oxygen b. chlorine and lithium c. carbon and nitrogen d. sodium and neon e. copper and chromium 15. Using only the periodic table, place the following atoms in order of increasing atomic radius: C, Ba, 0, Ca, and Ge. 21. What types of elements are bonded together to make an ionic compound? Give three examples of ionic compounds. Identify the types of elements that make up the compound in each example. 27. Describe how the physical state of a substance at room temperature depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces between the particles of the substance.

7 Which of the following elements will have the fastest chemical reaction? A. Na B. Al C. Si D. P 8 Which of the following elements will have the fastest chemical reaction? A. I B. Br C. Cl D. F Which of the following element's atoms will NOT have an octet of electrons when 9 the atom is ionized? A. Li B. Na C. K D. Rb 10 What is the octet rule? A. All atoms when they chemically react will have only 8 electrons after the reaction is completed. B. Most atoms when they chemically react will try to have 8 valence electrons after the reaction is completed. C. Most atoms when they chemically react will give 8 valence electrons to another atom. D. Most atoms when they chemically react will take 8 valence electrons from another atom. BLIVEWORKSHEETS