What is a recombinant DNA vaccine? List two such vaccines. State their advantages.

Q: Describe the major steps in the vaccine production process.

A: Introduction Vaccines are medicines that we take outside of our bodies to help us generate…

Q: How COVID-19 is Changing Our Expectations For Other Vaccines?

A: Covid-19 is a disease caused by a coronavirus. It is a SARS-cov 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome…

Q: here are currently 3 vaccines for COVID approved for use in the United States: Pfizer, Moderna, and…

A: As we all know Corona virus is responsible for the recently occurring pandemic that ia still…

Q: What are the steps in making an mRNA vaccine?

A: mRNA vaccines combine ideal immunological houses with an exceptional protection profile and the…

Q: What are the types ofantigenic agents that mayconstitute vaccines?

A: An antigen is defined as any substance, either pathogen, cell metabolite, pollutant, pollen grains,…

Q: How do mRNA vaccines work? Why is this such a turning point in combating COVID-19?

A: A few vaccines utilize an entire virus or bacterium to show our bodies how to develop immunity to…

Q: purpose of using the Embryo cells in the vaccine (generally

A: Embryo cells The cells derived from developing fetus or embryos are called embryo cells or fetal…

Q: Is there any vaccines of COVID 19? If yes, what are those?

A: COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) is a infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus…

Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of an inactivated virus vaccine?

A: Vaccines are nothing but immunogenic molecules which do not produce a high infectious condition but…

Q: Explain what an mRNA vaccine is and elaborate on how it differs from other types of vaccines

A: A biological preparation that is administered to a person to develop active acquired immunity…

Q: Explain several issues we have with HIV vaccine development. Why haven’t we been able to produce a…

A: HIV stands for Human Immuno Virus. It is a virus that infects T helper cells of immune system and…

Q: What is the Coronavirus? Is it a living organism? How does it reproduce? The current vaccines that…

A: Note : Hi. Since you have asked many questions. The three first questions will be answered and if…

Q: Many undeveloped countries have low COVID-19 vaccination rates (United Nations, 2022). Only 1% of…

A: Introduction- Vaccine research as well as its development has now become an achievement which brings…

Q: hat are some of the challenges of using recombinant molecules to treatment of HIV?

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) affects immune cells that aid in the body's ability to fight…

Q: Explain how antigenic drift in the hemagglutinin influenza gene can affect vaccine effectiveness.

A: Influenza is a spherical-shaped virus particle that consists of the nucleoprotein, capsid, outer…

Q: Discuss using named examples strategies that could be used to develop an effective vaccine for the…

A: Zika Virus: Zika virus is an arbovirus that belongs to the flavivirdae family, which includes…

Q: Discuss the key events in the production of recombinant subunit vaccine?

A: The technology used for joining different DNA molecules from different species is known as…

Q: How are inactivated vaccine and mRNA vaccine produced? From what you know about DNA technology and…

A: Inactivated vaccines are made up of virus particles, bacteria, or other pathogens that have been…

Q: What is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes?

A: Gene therapy is a method that allows the correction of the defective gene. In gene therapy, it is…

Q: Why are mRNA vaccines more effective than conventional vaccines?

A: Introduction :- A vaccine is a preparation that stimulates the body's immunological response to…

Q: How do mRNA vaccines work? What are their disadvantages?

A: A relatively new class of vaccinations called mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccines has been created to…

Q: Do the antigen protein vaccines contain all the proteins in the virus? If not, which protein(s) do…

A: Introduction :- An antigen is any substance that triggers an immune response in the body. Antigens…

Q: Is there a relationship between vaccines and somatic hypermutation? Elaborate.

A: "Genes" are the fundamental unit of heredity. They store genetic information in the form of DNA,…

Q: What are advantages and disadvantages of the antibody test with the coronavirus?

A: We know that The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for…

Q: n the "Vaccine Strategies" figure, multiple vaccination options are presented. Select all options…

A: Vaccine refer to the material used to induce artificial active immunity.  Vaccine is of following…

Q: The plaque assay plate below was made from a dilution of 10-7 and 0.1 ml of the dilution was plated…

A: To calculate the virus titer in plaque-forming units per milliliter (PFU/ml), we need to know the…

Q: What are advantages and disadvantages of the antibody test with the coronavirus

A: The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for the global…

Q: What are boosters, adjuvants, Trojan horse vaccines, and toxoids?

A: The ability of multicellular creatures to withstand dangerous microbes is known as immunity.…

Q: Explain how trangenic animals can be used in producing effective malarial vaccines?

A: Transgenic animals refer to the animals in which the foreign or altered or genes are introduced by…

Q: ow does the COVID 19 vaccines work?

A: Vaccines that are permitted and recommended fall into three categories.

Q: b) Explain how the chimpanzee adenovirus has been genetically modified and developed as a viral…

A: The SARS-CoV-2 virus has proteins embedded in it that it uses to penetrate human cells. Vaccines and…

Q: All of the following are true concerning the Alere HIV test except: a)this test can detect…

A: Introduction  HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus which cause AIDS (Acquired…

Q: Regarding inactivated vaccines and mRNA vaccines, what are the advantages of one over the other?

A: The basic principle of vaccination or immunization is based on the features of  “memory” of the…

Q: Discuss the advantages of recombinant vaccines with examples

A: Vaccines were initially developed on the basis of attenuation or inactivation of pathogens. Live…

Q: What

A: Vaccines help to protect the human body by preparing it to fight foreign pathogens or viruses in…

Q: How are inactivated vaccine and mRNA vaccine produced? From what you know about DNA technology and…

A: Vaccines come in several forms. Each type is intended to instruct your immune system on how to…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.