What is a cold solder joint? Identify its causes, its appearance, and the means of correction.

T3.2.2 The bracket shown below supports an 18 kN load. The fillet weld extends for full 100 mm length on both sides. What weld size is required to give a safety factor of 3.0 if E60 series welding is used? [Ans. 10 mm] 100 mm 18kN 75 mm Note: There are two 100 mm welds. 1

02: Two plates, 20 mm thick, are welded together by means of transverse-fillet welds. The ultimate tensile strength of a weld metal is 415 MPa. The surface finish factor of the weld surface is 0.5, and the size factor is 0.85. The reliability is 90%. Determine the length of the weld if the factor of safety is 2.5. The transverse force on the welds is 80 kN, which is completely reversed under fatigue loading. Take: A=13mm. 25 A, Toe Good luck

Assessment 11.0: Welding processes Produce a short report with diagrams (min 300 words) on the jointing of rail using welding techniques including: • Alumino-thermic • Flash butt welding   .