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Description: WHAT IF? Mitochondrial genes are critical to the energymetabolism of cells, but mitochondrial disorders caused bymutations in these genes are generally not lethal. Why not?

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WHAT IF? Mitochondrial genes are critical to the energymetabolism of cells, but mitochondrial disorders caused bymutations in these genes are generally not lethal. Why not?

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter7: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK

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10. ATP synthase is a key enzyme of mitochondrial energy conversion. Mitochondrial ATP synthase deficiency is due to a mutation in a gene important for the formation of a subunit in the ATP synthase complex, seen in the illustration below. Scientists could use cells with this gene mutation to investigate which of the following questions? (LS1-7) * Inner mitochondrial membrane PYRUVATE GLYCOLYSIS ODATION ACO CYCLE OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYL- ATION ATP synthase Protein complex of electron Intermembrane- space carriers III Inner mitochondrial membrane FADH, FAD 2 H* + ½02 H,0 NAD NADH (carrying electrons from food) ADP + O АТР Mitochondrial matrix Oxidative phosphorylation What effect does the mutation have on the movement of electrons between the electron carriers of the electron transport chain? What effect does the mutation have on the amount of ATP synthesized during cellular respiration? What effect does the mutation have on the number of protons pumped into the intermembrane space of the…
1a. Name and draw diagrammatically the series of mitochondrial electron transfer catalysts, starting with the oxidation of NADH and succinate and ending with the reduction of O2. Indicate the sites and stoichiometry (per 2e) at which protons are translocated from the matrix to the intermembrane space. c. Indicate which complexes are inhibited by: amytal, antimycin A, azide (N3), cyanide (CN), carbon monoxide (CO), and rotenone. d. Describe the effects of (1) oligomycin and (2) uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, e.g., dinitrophenol (DNP), carbonyl cyanide-p- trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), on respiration and ATP synthesis when added to a suspension of mitochondria with excess malate, ADP, and inorganic phosphate (Pi). b. I