What are the four standards of scientists that define their work ethic? Explain each. Scientists are seen as submitting to four standards that define their work ethic.

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Chapter2: Managerial Decision-making
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What are the four standards of scientists that define their work ethic? Explain each.

Scientists are seen as submitting to four standards that define their work ethic.

  • First, they adhere to universalism- the belief that there is only one truth and that there is only one way to establish it, the scientific method.
  • Second, they identify themselves as members of a community of scientists with a common goal and consciousness. This is usually operationalized through their membership in professional, scientific organizations.
  • Third, they generally possess a strong sense of skepticism. They suspend opinion and will only express one when all data are collected and analyzed through a neutral and objective process under the standards of logic and rationality.
  • Finally, they are generally disinterested and detached in that they uphold the virtue of neutrality and objectiveness in their research.

    Further explain each ethic please.
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