Viruses infect healthy host cells by injecting their genetic material into the host cell and hijacking the cellular machinery of the cell to produce more viruses. Eventually, as the host cell produces more and more copies of the virus, it will explode, releasing the newly produced viruses into the surrounding environment to infect other host cells. Without a host cell, a virus is not capable of replicating itself. Based on the four principles of life discussed in class, are viruses alive? Please justify your answer.

Q: miRNA is distinct from siRNA solely because:   Question 9 options:   miRNA is always an imperfect…

A: mRNA, tRNA and rRNA are the types of RNA that participate in gene expression. miRNA or micro RNA and…

Q: The genetic material of virus includes (a) only RNA. (b) only DNA. (c) RNA and DNA both (d) RNA or…

A: The genetic information carried by the genetic material in plants, animals, humans and transmits the…

Q: Herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus are both in the herpes virus family, but of the two, only…

A: A drug is a chemical substance given to an individual to prevent or cure a disease. Many microbial…

Q: Why are viruses important?

A: Viruses can be defined as ultramicroscopic infectious agents which can only exist in the living form…

Q: With respect to the replication strategy, what unusual feature does HBV have in common with HIV?

A: HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a Dreadful viral disorder that strikes cells that help the…

Q: Viruses that infect bacterial cells do not infect human cells. Viruses that infect human cells do…

A: The virus is an infectious organism that multiplies in living organisms.

Q: Which of the following self-replicating biological agents carries only one polynucleotide chain as…

A: Viruses are the microscopic organisms that cause infectious diseases to the living organisms. They…

Q: How many millions of bases are in the genome of the mimivirus or largest virus known?

A: In the family Mimiviridae, the genus Mimivirus contains enormous viruses. Their native hosts are…

Q: If a virus particle contained double-stranded B-DNA of 500,000 base pairs, what would be the radius…

A: There are 10 basepair per turn of the helical DNA so the helix rises by 34 A° per turn.

Q: Why do viruses exist?

A: Viruses are minute particles that can be found virtually anywhere on the planet. They can be found…

Q: Assume you isolate a single stranded (+) RNA virus. When you examine the proteins in the virus, you…

A: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase  or RNA polymerase or replicase  is an enzyme that catalyzes the…

Q: Why must ( 2 ) strand but not ( 1 ) strand RNA viruses bring their own replicase into a cell?

A: A virus refers to an infectious particle that lacks the replication machinery but can replicate…

Q: Which of the following viral nucleic acids can be used as a template to produce mRNA? Select all…

A: The information that is stored in the DNA by itself is of no use. There need to be Mechanisms that…

Q: You are studying a new retrovirus. The viral protein (X) appears to play a role in the export of the…

A: The nucleus is the structure that encompasses the genome (DNA) in all eukaryotic cells. It is…

Q: * 00 65 The genomes of DNA viruses can be relatively small (~5,000 nucleotides) but can also be…

A: Viruses are the most cunning microorganisms that needs a host for replication. Viruses can exist in…

Q: What do you mean by prions?

A: A pathogen is an organism that causes disease. A pathogen may also be referred to as an infectious…

Q: Viruses with negative sense RNA genomes typically, make proteins by: (Ignore retroviruses, and the…

A: Ans- Since the viral genome is of negative sense so it can't be translated directly into proteins.…

Q: Chemical composition analysis of a viral genome showed 22.1% A, 27.9% C, 27.9% G, and 22.1% U. Based…

A: Given base composition is: Adenine = 22.1% Cytosine = 27.9% Guanine = 27.9% Thymine = 22.1 %

Q: Many virologists note that viruses which have a genome made up of RNA will tend to evolve faster…

A: The RNA world hypothesis is supported by the ability of RNA to store, transmit, and duplicate…

Q: ure 1 above shows that remdesivir “mimics” an important component of RNA replication. Which…

A: A broad-spectrum antiviral drug that is injected intravenously is called Remdesivir. This medication…

Q: Question 4: (a) Consider an enveloped virus that buds from the plasma membrane of an infected cell.…

A: Introduction :- Viruses are the Pathogens , that can not replicate by themselves and requires the…

Q: You are a virologist studying a newly isolated viral strain and have sequenced its genome. You find…

A: Option A is correct.

Q: Give any two differences between DNA and RNA. (b) What is recombinant DNA? Give two beneficial…

A: Differences between DNA and RNA DNA RAN Double stranded Single stranded Consists of…

Q: Which of the following self-replicating biological agents carries only one polynucleotide chain as…

A: The virus is an obligate parasite they contain either RNA or DNA as their genetic material.…

Q: Provide a brief description behind your choice? Virus-mediated transfer of cellular genetic…

A: 1- A Transduction. Transduction is among the three basic mechanism of genetic exchange in Bacteria.…

Q: What are four differences between viruses and bacteria ?

A: Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. These…

Q: Match the term and its description.

A: 1. Virulent phages are phages which usually destroys the host cells by undergoing lytic cycles. They…

Q: What enzyme is required for the movement of transposable elements that involve an RNA intermediate…

A: Transposable elements are sequences of genes that have the ability to move or jump from one location…

Q: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. Depending on the bacteriophage, their genome can be…

A: Nucleotides are defined as the monomeric units that acts as the building block for producing nucleic…

Q: A virus has a double-stranded RNA genome that has 2400 base-pairs. Of these, 35 % are G:C…

A:

Q: One can argue that although the existence of retroviruses represents a complication of Crick's…

A: Retroviruses are a type of RNA virus that have a unique replication process involving the conversion…

Q: How are poly-adenosine tails added to subgenomic mRNAs of RNA viruses? Repeated uracil bases on the…

A: The question is asking about the process of adding poly-adenosine tails to subgenomic mRNAs of RNA…

Q: List the step common to all viral replication pathways.

A: ANSWER:   Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens therefore Virus particles need the machinery…

Q: Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects a…

A: Question -Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…

Q: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase performs which of the following functions? O 1) Uncoats the viral…

A: Various different kinds of enzymes are involved in the replication, transcription, and translation…

Q: Many virologists note that viruses which have a genome made up of RNA will tend to evolve faster…

A: DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms.…

Q: 10. Two viral genomes are sequenced, and the following percentages of nucleotides are identified.…

A: DNA and RNA are are nucleic acids present in the organisms. DNA is the deoxy ribose nucleic acid…

Q: A new virus is discovered. Its RNA genome encodes several proteins, including a reverse…

A: Introduction Replication is the process by which a molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid is created by…

Q: An animal virus infects a host cell. The virus has a genome with two strands (see partial sequence…

A: The virus genome contains two strands it means it is double stranded genome. T is present and U is…

Q: In a [1] infection, the viral DNA is inserted into the host cells DNA. it remains there and is…

A: Viruses are particles that are made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases, lipids. The…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.