Viruses infect healthy host cells by injecting their genetic material into the host cell and hijacking the cellular machinery of the cell to produce more viruses. Eventually, as the host cell produces more and more copies of the virus, it will explode, releasing the newly produced viruses into the surrounding environment to infect other host cells. Without a host cell, a virus is not capable of replicating itself. Based on the four principles of life discussed in class, are viruses alive? Please justify your answer.

Viruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.), which are synthesized through enzymatic dehydration reactions from building blocks and disassembled by enzymatic hydrolysis. They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight): Chemical components Nucleosides Amino acids Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates Percentage by weight 20 30 50 Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio): Nucleosides A G T C U Percentage by mole 19 29 19 29 4 Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase performs which of the following functions? O 1) Uncoats the viral genome 2) transcribes retroviral RNA genomes into DNA 3) Replicates RNA into RNA O 4) Replicates DNA into RNA 5) Shuttles RNA genomes into the nucleus for assembly

There is a new virus named HANDF that is infecting Cows in the USA. This is a novel virus and the only thing you know it is infecting Cows. You can have access to viruses from dead Cows. In a series of discrete steps describe how you would sequence all of the protein-coding genes of the virus. USE SANGER METHOD.  DO NOT USE CHATGPT OR ANY AI, PLEASE PLEASE I NEED TO LEARN FROM YOUR SOLUTION

Which of the following statements are correct for DNA viruses? Mark all that apply. A.The genome consists of dsRNA B. A provirus stage occurs during viral replication  C. The genome consists of two identical strands of DNA D. Replication requires reverse transcriptase Replication requires DNA polymerase E.The viral DNA must enter the nucleus for its replication F. Uncoating must occur for the virus to be replicated G.The viral genome acts as a template for production of viral proteins

The 1918 influenza strain killed millions of people world-wide. After recovering the virus from preserved lung tissue and sequencing the genome, which of the scientific findings did NOT account for the viruses lethality in humans? The hemagglutination protein was associated with high lung damage. The virus came directly from birds, without first circulating in pigs. The virus was independent from a cellular protease for cell entry, and utilized neuraminidase instead. The virus came from bats.

I need help with these questions I’ve completed for biology homework. So basically it says “A company was testing a new drug it thought it would help decrease the risk of transmission of virus from mother to fetus. In an experiment to test the drug, an investigator gave 400 pregnant female rats a small dose of the experimental drug and inocululated each type of virus known to causes disease in rats. At the same time, 400 other pregnant rats were given only the virus. All rats were given the same food and kept in similar cages. Of the rat pups born to females that received both the virus and the drug. 203 showed no symptoms of the disease; 205/rat pups born to the virus-only females showed symptoms. I wrote down the hypothesis I said the drug will decrease the rate of transmission of the virus from mother to fetus Then I wrote down independent/dependent which was the drug being independent and the transmission of virus being dependent Then I wrote the controlled variables…

Why do scientists worry more about new strains of viruses like influenza and coronviruses as potential causes of deadly human pandemics, but they never talk about the next big Herpesvirus strain deadly pandemic? Which of the statements below helps partially answer that? We already have effective vaccines for Herpes. Influenza and CoV have more genes, more complex gene expression, and can undergo genetic recombination or reassortment, while Herpesviruses are more limited. Only humans get Herpesviruses, while animals can get Influenza viruses and Coronaviruses. dsDNA viruses aren't very transmissible and even when they are, they're not deadly. Influenza and CoV are RNA viruses which results in having higher mutation rates -- they can more easily jump between host species. Herpesviruses are dsDNA viruses and usually very host specific. O O O O

In some viruses the flow of information is in reverse that is ,from RNA to DNA.can you suggest a simple name to the process?

Use the information to answer the following question. Two students were debating whether viruses are living or nonliving. Student A: Viruses are living because they contain DNA or RNA and reproduce. Student B: Viruses are nonliving because they do not grow and do not use energy. Which student's claim is correct and why? O A. Student B, because viruses do not use or make energy. Even though they contain DNA and RNA, many other non-living things also contain DNA and RNA. O B. Student B, because viruses do not grow and do not use energy. Although they have DNA and RNA, they are only able to reproduce with a host cell. O C. Student A, because viruses are able to reproduce and continue to spread their disease to other hosts. As the virus becomes more dangerous, it grows and becomes larger. O D. Student A, because all living things must have DNA or RNA. They must use energy in order to reproduce and make more viruses.