Vanad Patel arrived unconscious by ambulance at the emergency room following a motorcycle accident. He had severe injuries including a compound fracture of his tibia and needed immediate surgery and a blood transfusion. Routine blood-group typing categorized him as O+ because his red blood cells showed no reaction with anti-A or anti-B antibodies. But cross-matching with the different bags of O blood in the blood bank showed cross-reactivity or incompatibility with them all. The blood-bank staff reported that the patient had a rare blood type called the Bombay blood group. His twin brother Nadeesh, who arrived at the emergency room within hours of the family being notified, donated the blood his brother needed. It was recommended that he and his brother wear medical alert bracelets in case they need emergency blood transfusions in a situation where thorough cross-matching is not possible. Which of the following is consistent with the Bombay phenotype? a. The Bombay phenotype results from the inability to synthesize the O antigen and therefore these individuals are not tolerant of the O antigen. b. The Bombay phenotype is caused by a mutation in the RhD antigen, and therefore these individuals are not tolerant of the RhD antigen. c. Sera of individuals with the Bombay blood type can only be given to individuals who are Rhesusnegative. d. Sera from a type O individual would cause agglutination of red blood cells from an individual with the Bombay blood type. e. The enzyme that adds either N-acetyl galactosamine (type A) or galactose (type B) to the core glycolipid found on O antigens, is defective in individuals with the Bombay phenotype.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Vanad Patel arrived unconscious by ambulance at the emergency room following a motorcycle accident. He had severe injuries including a compound fracture of his tibia and needed immediate surgery and a blood transfusion. Routine blood-group typing categorized him as O+ because his red blood cells showed no reaction with anti-A or anti-B antibodies. But cross-matching with the different bags of O blood in the blood bank showed cross-reactivity or incompatibility with them all. The blood-bank staff reported that the patient had a rare blood type called the Bombay blood group. His twin brother Nadeesh, who arrived at the emergency room within hours of the family being notified, donated the blood his brother needed. It was recommended that he and his brother wear medical alert bracelets in case they need emergency blood transfusions in a situation where thorough cross-matching is not possible. Which of the following is consistent with the Bombay phenotype?

a. The Bombay phenotype results from the inability to synthesize the O antigen and therefore these individuals are not tolerant of the O antigen.

b. The Bombay phenotype is caused by a mutation in the RhD antigen, and therefore these individuals are not tolerant of the RhD antigen.

c. Sera of individuals with the Bombay blood type can only be given to individuals who are Rhesusnegative.

d. Sera from a type O individual would cause agglutination of red blood cells from an individual with the Bombay blood type. e. The enzyme that adds either N-acetyl galactosamine (type A) or galactose (type B) to the core glycolipid found on O antigens, is defective in individuals with the Bombay phenotype.

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