(True/False) There is no redundancy in enzymes that catalyze histone modifications, meaning that an enzyme can only catalyze a reaction on a specific residue of a histone and not any other residues. A chromatin remodeler contains a PHD domain. Which would best describe how this remodeler activates transcription? A. binding to acetylated histones and ejecting the nucleosomes B. binding to methylated histones and sliding the nucleosomes to decrease the distance between them C. binding to acetylated histones and replacing H2A with H2A.Z D. binding to methylated histones and sliding the nucleosomes to increase the distance between them

(True/False) There is no redundancy in enzymes that catalyze histone modifications, meaning that an enzyme can only catalyze a reaction on a specific residue of a histone and not any other residues. A chromatin remodeler contains a PHD domain. Which would best describe how this remodeler activates transcription? A. binding to acetylated histones and ejecting the nucleosomes B. binding to methylated histones and sliding the nucleosomes to decrease the distance between them C. binding to acetylated histones and replacing H2A with H2A.Z D. binding to methylated histones and sliding the nucleosomes to increase the distance between them

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter16: Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 39CTQ: New drugs are being developed that decrease DNA methylation and prevent the removal of acetyl groups...

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Modifications of histone tails can: O repress the transcription of some genes affect chromatin structure affect the transcription of some genes in response to the diet or environment activate the transcription of some genes all of these choices are correct The ferritin gene encodes an IRE (Iron-response element) within the 5 UTR (untranslated region) of the MRNA Considering what you know about eukaryotic translation, the IRE-BP (Iron Response Element Binding Protein) is bound to the IRE in the 5'UTR. you would expect: O That the presence of the IRE-BP would enhance translation. That the presence of the IRE-BP would have no effect. That the presence of the IRE-BP would block translation I don't remember enough about the IRE-BP or transiation to guess. 3 Assuming that the trait represented by the filled symbols in the pedigree is an inherited trait due to a single gene with alleles A and a, what mode of inheritance does the pedigree shown suggest?
The following image shows the 'beads-on-a-string' model of DNA and the effects of histone modification on chromatin structure. What effect does histone acetylation have on Gene 1? Gene 1 De-acetylation Acetylation Ac Ac Gene 1 Ac Ac Ac O Acetylation increases expression of Gene 1 O Acetylation decreases expression of Gene 1 O Acetylation causes a mutation in Gene 1 O There is no way to tell from this figure
Refer to the following illustration to answer the question. O protein A is not made because it is normally required for its own transcription TRANSIENT SIGNAL TURNS ON EXPRESSION OF PROTEIN A What is protein A? O a maintenance methyltransferase O a histone PAY O a cell type-specific gene regulator a HAT (histone acetyltransferase) any of the above PAD the effect of the transient signal is remembered in all of the cell's descendants
What are histone proteins, and how are their DNA binding properties regulated. Indicate if there are any modification(s) that comes on and off that regulates how tightly or loosely the Histone proteins are bound to DNA.
How does chemical modification of the histones lead to changes in chromatin structure? Choose all that apply.A. They change the positions of the core histones indirectly.B. They change the positions of the core histones directly.C. They cause the histone N-terminal tails to become hyperextended.D. They act as binding sites for remodeling complexes.E. They change the affinity between the histone octamer and the DNA Please consider explaining both correct as well as incorrect options
Which of these epigenetic changes could lead to reduced transcription of a particular gene? Please make sure to select all correct answer options. decreasing acetylation of histones associated with the nucleosomes of that gene inducing histone modifications that allow the formation of denser nucleosomes in the regulatory region of the gene Oincreasing acetylation of histones associated with the nucleosomes of that gene repositioning the nucleosomes associated to the gene to expose the enhancer and promoter DNA of the gene Uremoving histones to expose the enhancer and promoter DNA of the gene
1. enzymes that catalyze histone acetlation are closesly associated with transription factors, which are proteins that promote transcription. why is this a good biochemical strategy? 2. sp1 is a sqeuence specific human DNA binding protein that binds to a region on the DNA called the GC box, a promoter element with the sequence GGGCGG. Binding of Sp1 to the GC box enhances RNA polymerase 2 activity 50- to a 100 fold. How would you use affinity chromatography to purify SP1?
Nucleosome positioning could affect the transcriptional activity of a gene. Give your inference on the activity of the gene in these condition: 1. No histone H1 protein and nucleosome structures cover the promoter, 2. Nucleosome crosslinked with histone H1 flanking the promoter region. 3. No nucleosome and Histone H1 flanking the promoter region.
Predict the state of transcription activation in the following scenarios: A. Regulated as usual B. Higher levels of transcription C. Lower levers of transcription Everything in the system is intact except activators can no longer bind to chromatin modifiers Everything in the system is intact except there are overly active histone deacetylases Everything in the system is intact except heterochromatin is constantly shifted to the form of euchromatin Everything in the system is intact except the main coactivator Mediator no longer binds to RNA Polymerase II
Which of the following statements correctly describes the structure of chromatin around the promoter of an active eukaryotic gene? O A. It is in the form of heterochromatin and the nucleosomes are tightly wrapped. O B. It is in the form of euchromatin and the nucleosomes are cleared from the region allowing for an open and accessible configuration OC.A repressor protein is bound to the chromatin blocking RNA polymerase. O D.Both B and C.
Histone modifications may typically decrease expression of a gene by removing histone acetylation and [Select] histone methylation, causing the chromatin to become more loosely packed.
A cell is homozygous for a LOF mutation in the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) gene. Which of the following is/are true? a. Chromatin in the cell will be more condensed than usual, decreasing expression of genes that should be expressed. b. This will lead to histones with more positive charges on their tails, increasing the interaction between histones and the DNA backbone. c. This will lead to a decrease in DNA methylation and therefore cause an increase in gene expression. d. Chromatin in the cell will be less condensed than usual, increasing expression of genes that should not be expressed.