True or false signalling sequences such as KDEL allow for resident proteins to be returned to their correct compartment within the cell during protein transport   I chose false and that was incorrect. since the correct answer is TRUE, explain how it is so i can understand where i went wrong

Phagocytosis of a bacterial cell by a macrophage, involves extensive remodeling of the actin microfilaments in the cell cortex to produce extensions of the plasma membrane and formation the phagocytic cup. Based on your knowledge of microfilament assembly/disassembly and related cell membrane deformation, explain the underlying processes that would be involved in formation of the phagocytic cup.

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Cholera toxin has which of the following direct or indirect actions: a. opens Na+ channels;  Choose all that apply; Group of answer choices closes Cl− channels increases cAMP levels activates αs subunit of GTP-binding protein increases GTPase activity

Secretory vesicles (destined for exocytosis) that fuse with the plasma membrane continuously, with no requirement for hormones or any other environmental signal, are properly referred to as: the v-SNARES constitutive secretory vesicles (like those that carry lipids, such as phosphatidylcholine) the endosomes regulated secretory vesicles (like those that carry hormones, such as insulin) the t-SNARES

Which of the following small GTP-binding proteins does NOT play a role in cell migration during chemotaxis? O Cap Z Rho Cdc42 O All of the listed GTPases play a role in cell migration O Rac ◆ Previous

AAA is a protein found in both the cytosol as well as the nucleus. In its active state, it helps to facilitate the movement of proteins into and out of the nucleus. Specifically, AAA-alpha and AAA-beta binds to receptors on the nucleus and allows for materials to enter or exit through the channels associated with the receptors. They also play a role in dropping off cargo that import and export receptors hold onto. AAA functions are controlled by two other proteins: BBB and CCC. BBB binds onto AAA, while CCC removes BBB from AAA when they are bound. As a result, there is a BBB and CCC concentration gradient that forms between the cytosol and nucleus. During prophase I, is there a concentration gradient for BBB and CCC between the cytosol and the nucleus? Why? Is this also the case during the other phases of meiosis or the cell cycle?

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Part B

Diagram (just use arrows in the same way you diagrammed in a former test a stimulus leading to the activation of PKC, for example) in as much detail as possible what happens to a mammalian cell when it is irradiated, leading to when the cycle stops due to DNA damage. Include and name the famous mammalian checkpoint protein known by its molecular weight, as well as name another protein it activates. This other protein's function can be described by a 3 letter acronym that contains the letter K. Mention the acronym. 1.