Trade can happen at pre trade prices. True/False. Explain your answer theoretically and graphically. Also split trade gain into specialization gain and exchange gain.

With respect to international trade, specialization means that Multiple Choice each country consumes what it produces. labor is exported or imported in much the same way as other products. most goods and services that are traded internationally are produced in only 1 or 2 nations. labor and other resources in a nation are used to produce the products and services for which they are best suited.

M1

(g) Explain how is the production structure (i.e. which goods are produced) affected in each country by opening up to trade. Is this consistent with the empirical evidence we observe in reality? How can this model be modified to produce a less stark result?

The law of diminishing marginal utility has a direct impact on the global trade in the economy. True False

Many trading partners trade the same goods and services with one another. The U.S. exports automobiles to Europe and Europe exports automobiles to the United States. In fact, that's true for food, appliances, computers and many other goods. Does intra-industry trade contradict the theory of comparative advantage? Why or why not?

The answer should be typed.

Finally, Canada and Australia are both English-speaking countries with not-too dissimilar population sizes. However, Canada’s trade is twice as large as that of Australia’s. to what extent, does comparative advantage help explain this?

Suppose Jordan is open to free trade in the world market for oranges. Because of Jordan's small size, the demand for and supply of oranges in Jordan do not affect the world price. The following graph shows the domestic oranges market in Jordan. The world price of oranges is Pw = $800 per ton. Throughout this problem, assume that changes in trade policies in other nations do not significantly affect the world market for oranges and that there are no transportation or transaction costs associated with international trade in oranges. Also assume that domestic supplies will satisfy domestic demand as much as possible before any exporting or importing takes place. On the following graph, use the green triangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing consumer surplus (CS) when the economy is at the free-trade equilibrium. Then, use the purple triangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing domestic producer surplus (PS). PRICE (Dollars per ton) 1280 1220 1160 1100 1040…

As you may have heard, Russia decided to invade its neighbor, which has led to international condemnation (albeit not on all fronts). The EU, a former major importer of gas from Russai, went ahead with sanctions. Imagine, if you will, that the respective heads of state get together and try to negotiate a trade agreement to end sanctions. They each have three possible choices: (a) Maintain tariffs against the other nation (T); (b) Seek mediation from the WTO, which would implement an international trade agreement at a small cost (M); (c) Unilaterally remove tariffs (F). The payoff matrix is as given below. Is there a dominant strategy for either player? Find all the (pure strategy) Nash equilibria in the game. How would this change if, instead, the mediation is costless and yields a payoff of 50 to each nation (assuming mutually successful mediation) and a payoff of 0 (if the other nation chooses otherwise)? **