Concept explainers
In ecological systems, a rough rule of thumb is that when energy
is transferred from plants to plant-eaters or from prey
to predator, the efficiency is only about 10% (p. 72). Much
of this inefficiency is a consequence of the second law of
thermodynamics. Another way to think of this is that eating 1
calorie of material from an animal is the ecological equivalent
of eating 10 calories of plant material.
Humans are considered omnivores because we can eat both
plants and animals. Our food choices have significant ecological
impacts. With this in mind, calculate the ecological
energy requirements for four different diets, each of which
provides a total of 2000 dietary calories per day.
How many ecologically equivalent calories would it take
to support you for a year, for each of the four diets listed?
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