Homework Help is Here – Start Your Trial Now!
Science
Biology
To further investigate the cellular response in photoreceptor cells, we will now look at the actual effect of cGMP within the phototransduction pathway. Again, we will compare what happens in the dark and in the presence of light to understand how an electric signal is generated in either condition. Comparing both conditions (in the dark or under the light), researchers have measured the molar concentration of cytosolic cGMP and recorded the membrane potential of rod cells by placing micro-electrodes on either side of their plasma membrane (see figure below). A negative membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell. A positive membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell. The readings are presented below: In the dark Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 14 mM -10mV Outside of the cell In the presence of light Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 4 μM -70mV Outside of the cell 11. Based on the cytosolic concentration of cGMP and the membrane potential readings in both conditions, what can you conclude about the role of cGMP during phototransduction? A. CGMP helps maintain a constant membrane potential B. Light increases the concentration of cytosolic cyclic-GMP (CGMP) C. Light decreases the concentration of cytosolic GMP D. CGMP increases the membrane potential (= depolarization from -70mV up to -10mV) E. CGMP decreases the membrane potential (= hyperpolarization from -10mV down to -70mV).

To further investigate the cellular response in photoreceptor cells, we will now look at the actual effect of cGMP within the phototransduction pathway. Again, we will compare what happens in the dark and in the presence of light to understand how an electric signal is generated in either condition. Comparing both conditions (in the dark or under the light), researchers have measured the molar concentration of cytosolic cGMP and recorded the membrane potential of rod cells by placing micro-electrodes on either side of their plasma membrane (see figure below). A negative membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell. A positive membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell. The readings are presented below: In the dark Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 14 mM -10mV Outside of the cell In the presence of light Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 4 μM -70mV Outside of the cell 11. Based on the cytosolic concentration of cGMP and the membrane potential readings in both conditions, what can you conclude about the role of cGMP during phototransduction? A. CGMP helps maintain a constant membrane potential B. Light increases the concentration of cytosolic cyclic-GMP (CGMP) C. Light decreases the concentration of cytosolic GMP D. CGMP increases the membrane potential (= depolarization from -70mV up to -10mV) E. CGMP decreases the membrane potential (= hyperpolarization from -10mV down to -70mV).

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
See similar textbooks
icon
Related questions
Question
To further investigate the cellular response in photoreceptor cells, we will now look at the actual effect of cGMP within the phototransduction pathway. Again, we will compare what happens in the dark and in the presence of light to understand how an electric signal is generated in either condition. Comparing both conditions (in the dark or under the light), researchers have measured the molar concentration of cytosolic cGMP and recorded the membrane potential of rod cells by placing micro-electrodes on either side of their plasma membrane (see figure below). A negative membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell. ● A positive membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell. The readings are presented below: In the dark O-10mV Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 14 mM Outside of the cell In the presence of light 0-70mV " Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 4 μM Outside of the cell 11. Based on the cytosolic concentration of cGMP and the membrane potential readings in both conditions, what can you conclude about the role of cGMP during phototransduction? A. CGMP helps maintain a constant membrane potential B. Light increases the concentration of cytosolic cyclic-GMP (CGMP) C. Light decreases the concentration of cytosolic GMP D. CGMP increases the membrane potential (= depolarization from -70mV up to -10mV) E. CGMP decreases the membrane potential (= hyperpolarization from -10mV down to -70mV).
Transcribed Image Text:To further investigate the cellular response in photoreceptor cells, we will now look at the actual effect of cGMP within the phototransduction pathway. Again, we will compare what happens in the dark and in the presence of light to understand how an electric signal is generated in either condition. Comparing both conditions (in the dark or under the light), researchers have measured the molar concentration of cytosolic cGMP and recorded the membrane potential of rod cells by placing micro-electrodes on either side of their plasma membrane (see figure below). A negative membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions inside the cell compared to outside the cell. ● A positive membrane potential means that there are more negatively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell, or equivalently, that there are less positively charged ions outside the cell compared to inside the cell. The readings are presented below: In the dark O-10mV Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 14 mM Outside of the cell In the presence of light 0-70mV " Inside of the cell [CGMP] = 4 μM Outside of the cell 11. Based on the cytosolic concentration of cGMP and the membrane potential readings in both conditions, what can you conclude about the role of cGMP during phototransduction? A. CGMP helps maintain a constant membrane potential B. Light increases the concentration of cytosolic cyclic-GMP (CGMP) C. Light decreases the concentration of cytosolic GMP D. CGMP increases the membrane potential (= depolarization from -70mV up to -10mV) E. CGMP decreases the membrane potential (= hyperpolarization from -10mV down to -70mV).
Expert Solution
steps

Step by step

Solved in 4 steps

SEE SOLUTIONCheck out a sample Q&A here
Blurred answer
Knowledge Booster
Photosynthesis & Respiration
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
  • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780134580999
Author:
Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:
PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:
9781947172517
Author:
Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:
OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781259398629
Author:
McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:
Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9780815344322
Author:
Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:
W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:
9781260159363
Author:
Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:
McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:
9781260231700
Author:
Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:
McGraw Hill Education
SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS