Three species are endemic to a group of islands and are all descended from species 4, a large population mainland species (it has no post-founder new mutations). Species 4 is the sister taxa of species 5, which is frugivorous. Species 1 and 3 are insectivorous and species 2 and 4 are frugivorous. The gene sequence of a 10-nucleotide locus for these species are: Species 1: GCTGATGAGT Species 2: ATCAATGAGT Species 3: GTTGCAACGT Species 4: GTCAATGACA Would it matter if this locus was under selection or selectively neutral; why or why not?

Charles Darwin’s claim, that the species level of classification is just as arbitrary as that of any other taxonomic level, is supported by all of the following observational failures except: the inability of a sexually-reproducing eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species the inability of a cloning species lacking biparental reproduction to interbreed with a different species the inability of an asexual eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species the inability of an extinct species (like a dinosaur) to interbreed with a different species the inability of a prokaryotic species to interbreed with a different species

Below is a phylogeny depicting the relationship among eight animal species (A to H). Next to the species names are the tooth morphology of each species. For example, species A has prominent molar teeth, thus likely a herbivore. On the other hand, species C has prominent canine teeth, thus likely a carnivore. Which of the following statements is correct?       The most recent common ancestor for species A to H is probably a carnivore.     The most recent common ancestor for species A to H is probably a herbivore.     It is impossible to tell what the main food source is for the most recent common ancestor of species A to H.     For species C, D, E, F, G, there are four evolutionary events that lead to the evolution of canine tooth morphology.     IF the common ancestor of species C, D, E, F, G is a carnivore, then the molar teeth for species D is a plesiomorphy.

The Forbes sea star and common sea star are broadcast spawners that are known to hybridize, yet they exist as separate, genetically distinct species (unique branches on the tree of life). One mechanism that may contribute to their uniqueness is prezygotic reproductive isolation, which is the incompatibility of gametes (sperm and eggs) from separate species. We know they hybridize, so the eggs and sperm are compatible, but could gametes from the different species be less compatible than the gametes from each individual species? Harper & Hart (2005) addressed this question in a series of cross-fertilization experiments. Did they find evidence that gametes ‘preferred’ to cross with gametes of the same species? Explain your answer.

Charles Darwin’s claim, that the species level of classification is just as arbitrary as that of any other taxonomic level, is supported by all of the following observational failures except: the inability of a cloning species lacking biparental reproduction to interbreed with a different species the inability of an asexual eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species the inability of a sexually-reproducing eukaryotic species to interbreed with a different species the inability of a prokaryotic species to interbreed with a different species the inability of an extinct species (like a dinosaur) to interbreed with a different species

Species A and B have long wings, whereas species C has short wings. Which of the following pieces of evidence would best support the hypothesis that long wings are a synapomorphy?   A. DNA evidence showing that species B and C are sister species   B. Fossil evidence showing that the common ancestor of species A, B, and C had short wings   C. DNA evidence showing that species A and C are sister species   D. Fossil evidence showing that the common ancestor of species A, B, and C had long wings   E. Evidence showing that species A and B live in an environment that favors long wings, whereas species C lives in an environment that favors short wings

Researchers studied the effects of artificial selection on largemouth bass. The fish are bred in fisheries to have the desired trait of a high vulnerability rate (HVR) so they are easily caught by human anglers, and then released in artificial ponds and lakes that allow recreational fishing. Within three generations, a fishery can produce a population saturated with members that have the HVR trait in the study. Researchers compared the health of three groups of fish, as measured by the time it took them to recover after exercise: fish with HVR, fish with a low vulnerability rate (LVR), and a control group of wild fish. Each groups' cardiac output, heart rate, and stroke volume are represented in the graph. 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 Control LV HV Group of Fish Does the practice of artificial selection in fisheries of largemouth bass for a greater frequency of members with HVR affect the variability in their heart rate, and why? No, artificial selection produces fish with the HVR trait…

a) How many of the gene trees do you expect to look like the species tree? b)  You observe three gene trees in which species X and Z are the closest relatives and seven gene trees where X and Y are the closest relatives. What can you conclude from these data? Group of answer choices Historical hybridization between species W and X Historical hybridization between species X and Y Historical hybridization between species X and Z Historical hybridization between species Y and Z

Based on the interaction between species A and species B in the previous question, choose the most likely combination of alpha and beta coefficients.a. alpha = 1, beta = 10b. alpha = 10, beta = 1c. alpha = 1, beta = 1d. alpha = 0, beta = 1Previous questionTwo species of aquatic snails live in a nearby creek. Species A is a very strong competitor of Species B, who is a weak competitor. What do you expect will happen to the realized niche of Species B if both species share the same fundamental niche? IT decreases

Baboons and colobuses are Old World monkeys. Howlers, capuchins, and tamarins are New World monkeys. Please click the node that represents the most recent common ancestor of these two groups. Targets placed: 0/1 You can place up to 1 targets Shrew Hare Tarsier Howler Capuchin Tamarin Baboon Colobus Orangutan Human Chimpanzee Undo Delete selected Remove All