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The X Company is considering purchasing a business machine for $100,000. An alternative is to rent it for $35,000 at the beginning of each year. The rental would include all repairs and services. If the machine is purchased, a comparable repair and service contract can be obtained
for $1,000 per year. The salesperson of the business machine firm has indicated that the expected useful service life of this machine is five years, with zero market value, but the company is not sure how long the machine will be needed. If the machine is rented, the company can cancel the lease at the end of any year. Assuming an income tax rate of 25%, a straight-line depreciation charge of $20,000 for each year the machine is kept, and an after-tax MARR of 10%, prepare an appropriate analysis to help the firm decide whether it is more desirable to purchase or rent.
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- The Perez Company has the opportunity to invest in one of two mutually exclusive machines that will produce a product it will need for the foreseeable future. Machine A costs $10 million but realizes after-tax inflows of $4 million per year for 4 years. After 4 years, the machine must be replaced. Machine B costs $15 million and realizes after-tax inflows of $3.5 million per year for 8 years, after which it must be replaced. Assume that machine prices are not expected to rise because inflation will be offset by cheaper components used in the machines. The cost of capital is 10%. By how much would the value of the company increase if it accepted the better machine? What is the equivalent annual annuity for each machine?Gina Ripley, president of Dearing Company, is considering the purchase of a computer-aided manufacturing system. The annual net cash benefits and savings associated with the system are described as follows: The system will cost 9,000,000 and last 10 years. The companys cost of capital is 12 percent. Required: 1. Calculate the payback period for the system. Assume that the company has a policy of only accepting projects with a payback of five years or less. Would the system be acquired? 2. Calculate the NPV and IRR for the project. Should the system be purchasedeven if it does not meet the payback criterion? 3. The project manager reviewed the projected cash flows and pointed out that two items had been missed. First, the system would have a salvage value, net of any tax effects, of 1,000,000 at the end of 10 years. Second, the increased quality and delivery performance would allow the company to increase its market share by 20 percent. This would produce an additional annual net benefit of 300,000. Recalculate the payback period, NPV, and IRR given this new information. (For the IRR computation, initially ignore salvage value.) Does the decision change? Suppose that the salvage value is only half what is projected. Does this make a difference in the outcome? Does salvage value have any real bearing on the companys decision?The Capitalpoor Company is considering purchasing a business machine for $100,000. An alternative is to rent it for $35,000 at the beginning of each year. The rental would include all repairs and service. If the machine is purchased, a comparable repair and service contract can be obtained for $1,000 per year. The salesperson of the business machine firm has indicated that the expected useful service life of this machine is five years, with zero market value, but the company is not sure how long themachine will actually be needed. If the machine is rented, the company can cancel the lease at the end of any year. Assuming an income tax rate of 25%, a straight-line depreciation charge of $20,000 for each year the machine is kept, and an after-tax MARR of 10%, prepare an appropriate analysis to help the firm decide whether it is more desirable to purchase or rent.
- A company is considering several mutually exclusive ways that can meet a requirement for a filling machine for its creamer line. One choice is to buy a machine. This would cost $75 000 and last for six years with a salvage value of $12 000. Alternatively, it could contract with a packaging supplier to get a machine free. In this case, the extra costs for packaging supplies would amount to $17 500 per year over the six-year life (after which the supplier gets the machine back with no salvage value for the company). The third alternative is to buy a used machine for $40 000 with zero salvage value after six years. The used machine has extra maintenance costs of $3500 in the first year, increasing by $2500 per year. In all cases, there are installation costs of $8000 and revenues of $25 000 per year. a) Using the IRR method, determine which is the best alternative. The MARR is 10 percent.A presently owned machine has the projected market value and M&O costs shown below. An outside vendor of services has offered to provide the service of the existing machine at a fixed price per year. If the presently owned machine is replaced now, the cost of the fixed-price contract will be $33,000 per year. If the presently owned machine is replaced next year or any time after that, the contract price will be $35,000 per year. Determine if and when the defender should be replaced with the outside vendor using an interest rate of 10% per year. Assume used equipment similar to the defender will always be available, but that the current equipment will not be retained more than three additional years. Retention Year Market Value, $ M&O Cost, $ per year 32,000 1 25,000 24,000 14,000 25,000 10,000 26,000 4 8000 The defender should be replaced (at the) nowSuper Apparel wants to replace an old machine with a new one. The new machine would increase annual revenue by $200,000 and annual operating expenses by $80,000. The new machine would cost $400, 000. The estimated useful life of the machine is 10 years with zero salvage value. i. Compute the Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) of the machine using the above information. ii. Should Super Apparel purchase the machine if management wants an Accounting Rate of Return (ARR) of 19% on all capital investments? Hint: Use Average Income or Profit after deducting tax, depreciation, and operating expenses.
- A presently owned machine has the projected market value and M&O costs shown below. An outside vendor of services has offered to provide the service of the existing machine at a fixed price per year. If the presently owned machine is replaced now, the cost of the fixed-price contract will be $33,000 per year. If the presently owned machine is replaced next year or any time after that, the contract price will be $35,000 per year. Determine if and when the defender should be replaced with the outside vendor using an interest rate of 10% per year. Assume used equipment similar to the defender will always be available, but that the current equipment will not be retained more than three additional years. Retention Year Market Value, $ M&O Cost, $ per Year 0 32,000 — 1 25,000 24,000 2 14,000 25,000 3 10,000 26,000 4 8,000 —ces Esquire Company needs to acquire a molding machine to be used in its manufacturing process. Two types of machines that would be appropriate are presently on the market. The company has determined the following: Machine A could be purchased for $69,000. It will last 10 years with annual maintenance costs of $2,200 per year. After 10 years the machine can be sold for $7,245. Machine B could be purchased for $57,500. It also will last 10 years and will require maintenance costs of $8,800 in year three, $11,000 in year six, and $13,200 in year eight. After 10 years, the machine will have no salvage value. Required: Assume an interest rate of 8% properly reflects the time value of money in this situation and that maintenance costs are paid at the end of each year. Ignore income tax considerations. Calculate the present value of Machine A & Machine B. Which machine Esquire should purchase? Note: Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to nearest whole dollar…Xinhong Company is considering replacing one of its manufacturing machines. The machine has a book value of $45,000 and a remaining useful life of five years, at which time its salvage value will be zero. It has a current market value of $52,000. Variable manufacturing costs are $36,000 per year for this machine. Information on two alternative replacement machines follows. Should Xinhong keep or replace its manufacturing machine? If the machine should be replaced, which alternative new machine should Xinhong purchase?
- Esquire Company needs to acquire a molding machine to be used in its manufacturing process. Two types of machines that would be appropriate are presently on the market. The company has determined the following: Machine A could be purchased for $33,000. It will last 10 years with annual maintenance costs of $1,100 per year. After 10 years the machine can be sold for $3,465. Machine B could be purchased for $27,500. It also will last 10 years and will require maintenance costs of $4,400 in year three, $5,500 in year six, and $6,600 in year eight. After 10 years, the machine will have no salvage value. Required: Assume an interest rate of 8% properly reflects the time value of money in this situation and that maintenance costs are paid at the end of each year. Ignore income tax considerations. Calculate the present value of Machine A & Machine B. Which machine Esquire should purchase?BRAC is considering investing $100000 in a new machine with an expected life of 5 years. The machine will have no scrap value at the end of the 5 years. It is expected that 20000 units will be sold each year at a selling prices of $6.00 per unit. Variable production costs are expected to $2.30 per unit, while incremental fixed costs, mainly the wages of a maintenance engineer, are expected to be $10000 per years. BRAC uses a discount rate of 11% for investment appraisal purposes and expects investment projects to recover their initial investment within two years. Required: (1) Explain why risk and uncertainty should be considered in the investment appraisal process. (2) Calculate and comment on the payback period of the project. (3) Evaluate the sensitivity of the projects net present value to a change in the following project variables: sales volume sales price variable cost and discuss the…A company is considering replacing a machine used in the manufacturing process with a new, more efficient model. The purchase price of the new machine is $150,000 and the old machine can be sold for $100,000. Output for the two machines is identical; they will both be used to produce the same amount of product for five years. However, the annual operating costs of the old machine are $18,000 compared to $10,000 for the new machine. Also, the new machine has a salvage value of $25,000, but the old machine will be worthless at the end of the five years. You are deciding whether the company should sell the old machine and purchase the new model. You have determined that an 8% rate properly reflects the time value of money in this situation and that all operating costs are paid at the end of the year. For this initial comparison you ignore the effect of the decision on income taxes. Required: What is the incremental cash outflow required to acquire the new machine? What is the present…
