The wavelength of the red light from a helium-neon laser is 633 nm in air but 474 nm in the aqueous humor inside your eyeball. Calculate the index of refraction of the aqueous humor and the speed and frequency of the light in it

Radiation from an X-ray source consists of two components of wavelengths 154.433 pm and 154.051 pm. Calculate the difference in glancing angles (2θ) of the diffraction lines arising from the two components in a diffraction pattern from planes of separation 77.8 pm.

Table 10-1: Color Wavelength Yellow 578 nm Green 546 nm Blue 436 nm Violet 405 nm Ultra Violet 366nm Which of the wavelengths of light listed in Table 1 will have the greatest energy?   578 nm 546 nm 436 nm 405 nm 366 nm

Two light sources of identical strength are placed 10m apart. An object is to be placed at a point P on a line l, parallel to the line joining the light sources and at a distance d meters from it (see the figure). We want to locate P on, so that the intensity of illumination is minimized. We need to use the fact that the intensity of illumination for a single source is directly proportional to the strength of the source and inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. a) Find an expression for the intensity l(x) at the point P. b) If d = 5m, use graphs of l(x) and l'(x) to show that the intensity is minimized when x = 5m, that is, when P is at the midpoint of l. c) If d = 10m, show that the intensity (perhaps surprisingly) is not minimized at the midpoint. d) Somewhere between d = 5m and d = 10m there is a transitional value of d at which the point of minimal illumination abruptly changes. Estimate this value of d by graphical methods. Then find the exact value…

..54 Dispersion in a window pane. In gle e Fig. 33-54, a beam of white light is incident at an- 50° on a common window pane (shown in cross section). For the pane's type of glass, the index of refraction for visible light ranges from 1.524 at the blue end of the spectrum to 1.509 at the red end. The two sides of the pane are paral- lel. What is the angular spread of the colors in the beam (a) when the light enters the pane and (b) when it emerges from the opposite side? (Hint: When you look at an object through a window pane, are the colors the light from the object dispersed as shown in, say, Fig. 33-20?) = Ꮎ Figure 33-54 Problem 54.

10. A light ray of given wavelength, initially in air, strikes a 90° prism at P (see Fig. 39-53) and is refracted there and at Q to such an extent that it just grazes the right-hand prism surface at Q. (a) Determine the index of retraction of the prism for this wavelength in terms of the angle of incidence , that gives rise to this situation. (b) Give a numerical upper bound for the index of refraction of the prism. Show, by ray dia- grams, what happens if the angle of incidence at P is (c) slightly greater or (d) slightly less than 0₁. 90 FIGURE 39-53. Problem 10.

An unpolarized beam of light with an intensity of 5000 W/m2 is incident on two ideal polarizing sheets. If the emerging light has an intensity 0.200 times the original intensity of the incident beam, what is the angle between the two polarizers?

A ray of light is incident on an air/water interface. The ray makes an angle of θ1 = 29 degrees with respect to the normal of the surface. The index of the air is n1 = 1 while water is n2 = 1.33. Write an expression for the reflection angle ψ, with respect to the surface.

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