The PRE interpretation of a gamma with an absolute value of .39 would be that Select one: a. a post hoc test is needed. b. we would make 39% fewer errors if we predicted the order of pairs on one variable if we consider the order of pairs on the other variable. c. we have evidence that there is a causal relationship between the variables. d. the relationship between the two variables is strong.

Your p value is .03 and you chose your α level to be .05. What kind of error could you be making?   a. Type I error   b. Type II error   c. Type I and Type II error   d. Neither errors

2.2   In the following descriptions of a study, confounding is present. Describe the explanatory and confounding variable in the study and how the confounding may invalidate the conclusions of the study. Furthermore, suggest how you would change the study to eliminate the effect of the confounding variable. A hospital introduces a new screening procedure to identify patients suffering from a stroke so that a new blood clot medication can be given to the patient during the crucial period of 12 hours after stroke begins. The procedure appears to be very successful because in the first year of its implementation there is a higher rate of total recovery by the patients in comparison to the rate in the previous year for patients admitted to the hospital. A high school mathematics teacher is convinced that a new software program will improve math scores for students taking the SAT. As a method of evaluating her theory, she offers the students an opportunity to use the software on the…

A population of N=5 scores has a mean of μ=8. If one score with a value of X=4 is removed from the population, what is the value for the new mean? a. μ=9 b. μ=10 c. μ=8 d. μ=7