The pedigree chart below illustrates the inheritance of a trait (darker symbols) in two families joined in marriage

211 Inheritance 2. The pedigree chart below illustrates the inheritance of a trait (darker symbols) in two families joined in marriage. 2 4 6 8. 10 11 12 13 14 II 4 5 (a) State whether the trait is dominant or recessive, providing a reason for your choice: (b) State whether the trait is sex-linked or not, providing a reason for your choice: 3. The recessive sex-linked gene (h) prolongs the blood-clotting time, resulting in the genetically inherited disease called hemophilia. From the information in the pedigree chart (right), answer the following questions: Hemophilia in humans (a) If 112 marries a normal man, what is the probability of her first child being a hemophiliac? 1 (b) Suppose her first child is actually a hemophiliac. What is the chance that her second child will be a boy with hemophilia? 4 (c) If 114 has children with a hemophiliac man, what is the probability that her first child will be phenotypically normal? (d) If the mother of 12 was phenotypically normal, what phenotype was her father? 4. The phenotypic expression of a dominant gene in Ayrshire cattle is a notch in the tips of the ears. In the pedigree chart on the right, notched animals are represented by the solid symbols. Ear notches in Ayrshire cattle Determine the probability of notched offspring being produced from the following matings: (a) III1 x II13 II (b) III3 x II12 (c) III3 x II14 III (d) III1 x II15