I am having trouble solving this problem sets about sex-linked inheritance. Hemophilia is a recessive X linked genetic disorder (refer to BIOL 40 B), a medical condition in which the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slight injury. The condition is typically caused by a hereditary lack of a coagulation factor, most often factor VIII or factor IX (refer to Bio 40 B Textbook chapter 19 on Blood). Based on a recent study that used data collected on patients receiving care in federally funded hemophilia treatment centers during the period 2012-2018, as many as 33,000 males in the United States are living with the disorder. Males inherit the X chromosome from their mothers and the Y chromosome from their fathers. Females inherit one X chromosome from each parent. Thus, males can have a disease like hemophilia if they inherit an affected X chromosome that has a mutation in either the factor VIII or factor IX gene. Females can also have hemophilia, but this is much rarer. In such cases both X chromosomes are affected or one is affected and the other is missing or inactive. In these females, bleeding symptoms may be similar to males with hemophilia. A female with one affected X chromosome is a “carrier” of hemophilia. Sometimes a female who is a carrier can have symptoms of hemophilia. The carrier female can pass the X chromosome with the clotting factor gene mutation on to her children. Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypes and phenotypes of offsprings of male with hemophilia and a female who is a carrier for hemophilia.

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I am having trouble solving this problem sets about sex-linked inheritance.

Hemophilia is a recessive X linked genetic disorder (refer to BIOL 40 B), a medical condition in which the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced, causing the sufferer to bleed severely from even a slight injury. The condition is typically caused by a hereditary lack of a coagulation factor, most often factor VIII or factor IX (refer to Bio 40 B Textbook chapter 19 on Blood). Based on a recent study that used data collected on patients receiving care in federally funded hemophilia treatment centers during the period 2012-2018, as many as 33,000 males in the United States are living with the disorder. Males inherit the X chromosome from their mothers and the Y chromosome from their fathers. Females inherit one X chromosome from each parent. Thus, males can have a disease like hemophilia if they inherit an affected X chromosome that has a mutation in either the factor VIII or factor IX gene. Females can also
have hemophilia, but this is much rarer. In such cases both X chromosomes are affected or one is affected and the other is missing or inactive. In these females, bleeding symptoms may be similar to males with hemophilia. A female with one affected X chromosome is a “carrier” of hemophilia. Sometimes a female who is a carrier can have symptoms of hemophilia. The carrier female can pass the X chromosome with the clotting factor gene mutation on to her children.
Fill in the Punnett square and determine the expected genotypes and phenotypes of offsprings of male with hemophilia and a female who is a carrier for hemophilia.

1. What is the probability that a daughter of this mating will be a hemophiliac? Provide rationale
of your prediction. Why do you think so? Explain.
&
2. What is the probability that a son will be a hemophiliac? Provide rationale of your prediction.
Why do you think so? Explain.
3. If the couple has four sons, what is the probability that all four will be born with hemophilia?
Provide rationale of your prediction. Why do you think so? Explain.
4. How could hemophilia appear in a family that has no history of the disorder? Explain.
Transcribed Image Text:1. What is the probability that a daughter of this mating will be a hemophiliac? Provide rationale of your prediction. Why do you think so? Explain. & 2. What is the probability that a son will be a hemophiliac? Provide rationale of your prediction. Why do you think so? Explain. 3. If the couple has four sons, what is the probability that all four will be born with hemophilia? Provide rationale of your prediction. Why do you think so? Explain. 4. How could hemophilia appear in a family that has no history of the disorder? Explain.
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