“The mechanistic complexity of nitrogenase is necessary because nitrogen fixation is a thermodynamically unfavorable process.” True or false? Explain
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A: Q. Nitrogen fixation is the reaction of: a)conversion of gaseous N2 into a biologically useful form…
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A:
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Q: Explain the process of nitrogen fixation and why it is crucial to all life on earth.
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Q: Write the net Cellular Respiration of Glucose
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Q: Write the overall reaction for the fixation of nitrogen viathe nitrogenase complex
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Q: Describe the fixation of molecular nitrogen in detail
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“The mechanistic complexity of nitrogenase is necessary because nitrogen fixation is a
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- Describe the nitrogenase complex. How is the enzymeorganized? What are its unique components?Identify the two components of the nitrogenase complex and describe their specific tasks.Identify the types of nutrients that can be used in cellular respiration. --For each category of nutrient, explain where (at which step) it enters cellular respiration.
- Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms carry out some form of glycolysis. How does ha fact support or not support the assertion that glycolysis is one of the oldest metabolic pathways?Although as a whole, metabolic pathways are thermodynamically favorable, there’s at least onereaction in each pathway that is thermodynamically unfavorable under standard conditions.Provide two different strategies that allow for non-spontaneous reactions to be used as part of anenergy-generating pathway.In nitrogen acquisition, what two metabolic pathways generate NH4+?Describe each one focusing on the form of inorganic nitrogen that is converted intoNH4+. Write the overall net reactions for eachmetabolic pathway.
- During cheese production, LAB convert lactose to lactate and casein (milk protein) to amino acids. Lactate and amino acids then become the substrates for further microbial growth, which results in aroma production and deacidification of the cheese. The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica grows on the surface of many cheeses; it is capable of both lactate and amino acid catabolism. When grown on a lactate plus amino acid medium, Y. lipolytica preferentially consumes amino acids. Amino acid degradation results in the release of ammonia, which increases the pH. Draw a flow chart that shows the LAB fermentation of milk, followed by the growth of Y. lipolytica. Indicate which substrates are consumed first and what happens to the pH. Based on this simplified scenario, why do you think most cheeses involve the activity of more than one yeast species?Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms carry out some form of glycolysis. How does that fact support or not support the assertion that glycolysis is one of the oldest metabolic pathways?About the process of industrial production of ethanol by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mark the correct alternatives: (a) the cells must be cultured in anaerobic conditions to activate the metabolic pathway of ethanol production (b). the presence of oxygen is required to allow regeneration of the NAD+ cofactor (c). good oxygenation of the medium is important to favor the formation of greater amounts of ATP (d).the production of ethanol is always accompanied by the formation of glycerol (e). the sugar present in the culture medium is completely oxidized to CO2 and water
- The following nutrient molecule is digested and transported to a cell where it undergoes further catabolism: HO HO он OH HO- OH OH OH In the table below, list the important products of the complete glycolysis of this molecule. • In the first column of the table, write the chemical formula, name, or standard biochemical symbol for a product molecule. In the second column, write the total number of these molecules produced. Add Row • Only list the important products, including (1) molecules with any of the carbon atoms originally in the molecule above, (2) energy storage molecules (like ATP), and (3) any newly oxidized or reduced coenzymes. • List each product molecule on a separate row. You can add more rows to the table if you need them. • Be sure you write the number of product molecules formed by the complete glycolysis of the molecule above. • If the molecules does not undergo glycolysis at all, check the box under the table and leave the table blank. product (name, chemical…create a detailed flow chart or diagram that will illustrate all the important features of the glycolytic pathway. I want you to place in your flow chart or diagram the following important information like: 1. the reactants and products of each step, 2. enzymes involved in each step, 3. important by-products generated in some steps, 4. type of the reaction of each step, 5. and the outline of the two stages of the pathway. Also, discuss briefly (4 sentences) how Galactose and Fructose enter the glycolytic pathway.The synthesis of microbial cellular features (e.g. sugars and amino acids) can be summarized with which of the following statements? Each molecule that needs to be synthesized O has its own unique carbon fixation pathway to ensure that there is no fixation unless that particular molecule is needed. O must be oxidized to generate energy (via the electron transport chain) necessary to conduct biosynthesis. O will be modified from common precursor molecules to meet the needs of the cell. O will be passed through one of the glycolytic pathways to form pyruvate. O must be taken up from the environment in the form necessary to mcet the needs of the cell.