Answered: Why is the amount of ATP produced in…

Why is the amount of ATP produced in cells that can undergo oxidative phosphorylation much greater than those that undergo substrate level phosphorylation

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter2: Cell Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10RE: Using the answer code on the right, indicate which form of energy production is being described: 1....

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Concept explainers

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.

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Why is the amount of ATP produced in cells that can undergo oxidative phosphorylation much greater than those that undergo substrate level phosphorylation only?

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What does the term “oxidative phosphorylation” mean? What is substrate-level phosphorylation? Are these processes the same? Explain.
How does substrate-level phosphorylation differ from phosphorylation linked to the electron transport chain?
how does oxidative phosphorylation differ from substrate-level phosphorylation?
What steps in glycolysis generate substrate-level phosphorylation, and how many ATP molecules are generated in this way in this pathway? How does the generation of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation differ from ATP generation by oxidative phosphorylation?
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding oxidative phosphorylation? Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding oxidative phosphorylation? Oxidation and phosphorylation are coupled via a proton gradient. A large positive difference in reduction potential is associated with a small negative free energy change. Electrons from FADH2 enter at complex II because the reduction potential of FADH2 is greater than that of redox centers in complex I. The pH is higher in the matrix relative to that in the inter-membrane space.
DCCD (diocyclohexylcarbodiimide) inhibits oxidative phosphorylation when the substrate is mitochondrial NADH. DCCD is a drug that binds to ATP synthase and blocks proton transport through the ion channel. a) Explain what the consequences of DCCD on cellular energy production are. b) Suggest at least one other cellular effect of DCCD and explain this effect.
Which pathways use substrate-level phosphorylation and which use oxidative phosphorylation?
In one of the steps of glycolysis, the enzyme pyruvate kinase catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate; the phosphate group from phosphoenolpyruvate is transferred to ADP to form ATP during the reaction. This process is an example of: A) O ATP synthesis by substrate-level phosphorylation B) O coupling an energy releasing process to an energy requiring process C) O oxidative phosphorylation D) OB and C are correct E) OA and B are correct
What is substrate-level phosphorylation? When does it occur during the breakdown of glucose to CO2?
A proton gradient is created during the electron transport chain using the energy released from the oxidation of NADH and FADH2. The protons then cross the membrane through ATP synthase down their electrochemical gradient, and ATP is produced. This is an example of A) energy coupling B) cotransport C) allosteric regulation.
In glycolysis, how would NADH, ADP and ATP be classified? Would they be considered inhibitors or activators? Also how would they change the binding and state of the protein and why?
Other than the half channels in the C-ring, what other transporters use protons during ATP synthesis?