The manufacturer of a certain brand of auto batteries claims that the mean life of these batteries is 45 months. A consumer protection agency that wants to check this claim took a random sample of 24 such batteries and found that the mean life for this sample is 43.45 months. The lives of all such batteries have a normal distribution with the population standard deviation of 4.5 months. Find the p-value for the test of hypothesis with the alternative hypothesis that the mean life of these batteries is less than 45 months. Round your answer to four decimal places. p = Will you reject the null hypothesis at a = 0.025 =

Definition Definition Measure of central tendency that is the average of a given data set. The mean value is evaluated as the quotient of the sum of all observations by the sample size. The mean, in contrast to a median, is affected by extreme values. Very large or very small values can distract the mean from the center of the data. Arithmetic mean: The most common type of mean is the arithmetic mean. It is evaluated using the formula: μ = 1 N ∑ i = 1 N x i Other types of means are the geometric mean, logarithmic mean, and harmonic mean. Geometric mean: The nth root of the product of n observations from a data set is defined as the geometric mean of the set: G = x 1 x 2 ... x n n Logarithmic mean: The difference of the natural logarithms of the two numbers, divided by the difference between the numbers is the logarithmic mean of the two numbers. The logarithmic mean is used particularly in heat transfer and mass transfer. ln x 2 − ln x 1 x 2 − x 1 Harmonic mean: The inverse of the arithmetic mean of the inverses of all the numbers in a data set is the harmonic mean of the data. 1 1 x 1 + 1 x 2 + ...