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The Galapagos Islands are home to a unique iguana species that dives for extended periods of time to feed on algae from the sea floor. This makes them the world's only marine lizard. Assume the scales of these iguanas exhibit two phenotypes controlled by a single gene with two alleles: dominant, brown (G) and recessive, green (g). After studying the population for many years, a group of scientists concluded that a mess of 10,000 iguanas was not evolving, and that this mess contained 30% brown alleles and 70% green alleles. a) What is the expected frequency of each genotype for scale color? b) What is the expected number of individuals with each phenotype? Much to the researchers' dismay, one year during an EI Niño cycle, food became scarce and the mess of iguanas was randomly reduced to 100 individuals: 75 brown and 25 green. The researchers then conducted a genetic study on these individuals and found that of the 75 brown individuals, 30 were heterozygous. c) What is the actual frequency of each genotype in the reduced population? d) What is the actual frequency of each allele in the reduced population?

The Galapagos Islands are home to a unique iguana species that dives for extended periods of time to feed on algae from the sea floor. This makes them the world's only marine lizard. Assume the scales of these iguanas exhibit two phenotypes controlled by a single gene with two alleles: dominant, brown (G) and recessive, green (g). After studying the population for many years, a group of scientists concluded that a mess of 10,000 iguanas was not evolving, and that this mess contained 30% brown alleles and 70% green alleles. a) What is the expected frequency of each genotype for scale color? b) What is the expected number of individuals with each phenotype? Much to the researchers' dismay, one year during an EI Niño cycle, food became scarce and the mess of iguanas was randomly reduced to 100 individuals: 75 brown and 25 green. The researchers then conducted a genetic study on these individuals and found that of the 75 brown individuals, 30 were heterozygous. c) What is the actual frequency of each genotype in the reduced population? d) What is the actual frequency of each allele in the reduced population?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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The Galapagos Islands are home to a unique iguana species that dives for extended periods of time to feed on algae from the sea floor. This makes them the world's only marine lizard. Assume the scales of these iguanas exhibit two phenotypes controlled by a single gene with two alleles: dominant, brown (G) and recessive, green (g). After studying the population for many years, a group of scientists concluded that a mess of 10,000 iguanas was not evolving, and that this mess contained 30% brown alleles and 70% green alleles. a) What is the expected frequency of each genotype for scale color? b) What is the expected number of individuals with each phenotype? Much to the researchers' dismay, one year during an EI Niño cycle, food became scarce and the mess of iguanas was randomly reduced to 100 individuals: 75 brown and 25 green. The researchers then conducted a genetic study on these individuals and found that of the 75 brown individuals, 30 were heterozygous. c) What is the actual frequency of each genotype in the reduced population? d) What is the actual frequency of each allele in the reduced population? To the researchers' delight, the next year saw the end of the El Niño event, and a rebound in the iguana population size to 300 individuals in the mess: 251 brown and 49 green. e) What is the expected frequency of each allele in the rebound population? f) What is the expected number of each genotype in the rebound population? g) You perform a x? statistical test comparing the original and rebound populations and get a p = 0.007. Did microevolution occur? h) Given what you know about the various mechanisms of microevolution, what mechanism is most likely for any changes in allele frequencies between the original and rebound populations?
Transcribed Image Text:The Galapagos Islands are home to a unique iguana species that dives for extended periods of time to feed on algae from the sea floor. This makes them the world's only marine lizard. Assume the scales of these iguanas exhibit two phenotypes controlled by a single gene with two alleles: dominant, brown (G) and recessive, green (g). After studying the population for many years, a group of scientists concluded that a mess of 10,000 iguanas was not evolving, and that this mess contained 30% brown alleles and 70% green alleles. a) What is the expected frequency of each genotype for scale color? b) What is the expected number of individuals with each phenotype? Much to the researchers' dismay, one year during an EI Niño cycle, food became scarce and the mess of iguanas was randomly reduced to 100 individuals: 75 brown and 25 green. The researchers then conducted a genetic study on these individuals and found that of the 75 brown individuals, 30 were heterozygous. c) What is the actual frequency of each genotype in the reduced population? d) What is the actual frequency of each allele in the reduced population? To the researchers' delight, the next year saw the end of the El Niño event, and a rebound in the iguana population size to 300 individuals in the mess: 251 brown and 49 green. e) What is the expected frequency of each allele in the rebound population? f) What is the expected number of each genotype in the rebound population? g) You perform a x? statistical test comparing the original and rebound populations and get a p = 0.007. Did microevolution occur? h) Given what you know about the various mechanisms of microevolution, what mechanism is most likely for any changes in allele frequencies between the original and rebound populations?
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