The following graph shows the short-run supply curve for pears.

In 2003, a single case in Alberta of bovine spongiform encephalopathy, also known as mad cow disease, temporarily shut down export markets for Canadian beef. a. Using firm and industry diagrams, show the short-run effect of declining demand for Canadian beef due to the shutdown of its export markets. Label the diagram carefully and write out in words all of the changes that you can identify. b. Although export markets eventually began to open up later that same year, the demand for Canadian beef remained low. On a new diagram, show the long-run effect of the declining demand. Explain in words.

Explain in detail how purely competitive markets, in the long-run, know how to adjust to and provide the correct output, at the correct price. Give an example of a good or service you might buy that is closest to being in a purely competitive market. Explain your logic.

Choose the one alternative that best that answers the question. Assume the market for organic produce is perfectly competitive. All else being equal, as more farmers choose to produce and sell organic produce, in the long-run, Select one: a. The equilibrium price is likely to increase, and profits are likely to remain unchanged. b. The equilibrium price is likely to remain unchanged, and profits are likely to increase. c. The equilibrium price is likely to decrease, and profits are likely to decrease. d. The equilibrium price is likely to increase, and profits are likely to increase. e. Both the equilibrium price and quantity are likely to remain unchanged.