The bollworm is a pest that eats and damages corn crops. During their short lifespans, Bollworms hatch, eat, mate, and lay eggs which hatch the following spring. In order to save her business, a local farmer has chosen to use a pesticide toxin that's deadly to 90% of bollworms. The remaining 10% of the bollworm population is carries a rare inheritable gene that makes them immune to the toxin. The farmer switches to using the pesticide in 2006. At first, this seems to solve her problem: her first crop showed very little sign of bollworm damage. As time went on however, the modified corn plants began to show increasing signs of damage. Less than 10 years later, the plants showed nearly the same damage as the original crops. #Non- # Immune Immune Bollworms Bollworms Year Bollworm Population Over Time 600 2002 48 447 500 ill 2004 50 450 400 Not Immune 2006 50 10 300 to taxin 2008 110 20 2010 235 15 200 Immune to 100 taxin 2012 350 20 2014 470 10 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 Year 2016 495 15 2018 492 20 Evidence for Variation: Use data from 2002 and/or 2004 to provide evidence that there was variation in immunity to the pesticide in the population before the farmer started using the pesticide. Your answer must include exact numbers from the provided data. Bollworm Population

What is the difference between a proto-oncogene and an oncogene?   a. oncogenes cause benign tumors (polyps), proto-oncogenes cause malignant tumors   b. oncogenes transform cells to hyperproliferation, proto-oncogenes have a normal cellular role   c. oncogenes have undergone post-translational modification, proto-oncogenes have not   d. oncogenes have undergone intron splicing,  proto-oncogenes have not

Cyndi grows thousands of B. rapa plants from seed and carefully watches for any unusual plants that might be a new mutation. She has been watching a small seedling whose leaves continue to develop, but the stem is not elongating. The result is a cluster, or rosette, of leaves sitting just above the soil surface. After 15 days the plant is beginning to produce flowers but is still a rosette. Cyndi is encouraged and hypothesizes that rosetteis a recessive mutation.  -Describe the first cross she should make and the predicted results. Because B. rapa is an annual plant, the one rosette individual dies. Cyndi would like to continue her study of this mutation, but all od the offspring from her original cross were normal. There are no more plants with the rosette mutation.  -What can Cyndi do to continue her investigation of rosette? What would be the results of these "next steps"? -What results would you expect if Cyndi crosses her new generation of rosette plants with a known heterozygous…

On an island with no large predators, some ducks are born with a mutation that gives them stubby little wings. These ducks can’t fly, but there’s really no need to fly since there are no predators. In fact, they have an advantage because they don’t have to eat as much to support those big wings like the other ducks. Over time, the flightless ducks reproduce better than the regular ducks, and eventually all the regular ducks die out. What characteristic of life is being demonstrated here? Group of answer choices   development high complexity evolution requirement for resources irritability

A defective gene on chromosome 15 causes Tay-Sachs disease. It is a central nervous system neurodegenerative disease that most often affects infants, though older children and adults can have late-onset forms of the disease. The defective gene prevents the body from making a protein called hexosaminidase A. Without, hexosaminidase A, chemicals called gangliosides build up in the nerve cells of the brain, destroying brain cells. If individuals II-1 and II-2 have another child, what is the probability they will have a child affected by Tay-Sachs? Select one: a. 0.00 b. 0.25 c. 0.50 d. 1.00

The questions below all refer to the following pedigree. The locus for allele D/d determines how cilia function within the body. Mutations at this allele cause abnormal ciliary function, resulting in a clinical disorder characterized by frequent respiratory infections (including in the ears, sinuses, and lungs), as well as infertility. In the pedigree, black circles/squares represent individuals affected by the disorder. White circles/squares represent unaffected individuals. Remember, if a trait is rare in a population (such as this one), we assume individuals marrying into the family are NOT carriers unless the information provided indicates otherwise. A1 A2 II B1 B2 B3 B4. B5 B6_ II C1. C2 C3. C4. C5 IV D1. D2, D4 . D5 Individuals C2 and C3 are considering having additional children. However, having already had a child with this disorder, they visit a genetic counselor to determine what the probability is that their future child would have the disorder. If C2 and C3 have another…