The amphibian decline is best described as a. global disappearance of amphibian populations due to the pervasiveness of local habitat destruction. b. global shrinkage of amphibian populations due to global climate change. c. the unexplained disappearance of golden toads in Costa Rica. d. None of the choices is correct.

Which diagram below correctly represents the two barnacle species' realized niches? A. O Image A O Image B Image C ) B. C. Balanus balanoides Chthamalus stellatus

RobertMacArthur’s observations on the Warblers of North America indicate that they:a.are fiercely competitive.b.cannot coexist.c. reduce competition by feeding duringdifferent times of the day.d.reduce competition by feeding in different zones.e.both are fiercely competitive and cannot coexist.

Fossil insects many times larger than any insects alive today have been dated to the Carboniferous and Permian periods. These fossils are evidence that during these periods a. the climate was much warmer than it is today. b. the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere was significantly higher than it is today. c. the carbon dioxide concentration of the atmosphere was lower than it is today. d. insects had fewer competitors for food than modern insects. e. there were fewer predators on insects than there are today.

There have been five main mass extinctions. Match each mass extinction event to its description. 1. Permian extinction 2. Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction 3. Triassic extinction 4. Devonian extinction 5. Ordovician extinction   a. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. During this event, about 60% of all marine species were eliminated. b. This is the best-known mass extinction. It eliminated most large animals, including the dinosaurs. c. This was the most severe extinction event. About 96% of life on Earth died during this event. d. This extinction was most likely caused by climate change. About 80% of land animals died during this event. e. This extinction was most likely due to a change in sea level. It especially affected coral reefs.

Insects are the largest group of animals on Earth. Insect diversity is greatest in the tropics, where habitat destruction and species extinction are occurring at an alarming rate. What biological, economic, and ethical arguments can you advance to persuade people and governments to preserve this biological diversity? Instructions:

Discuss the trade-offs associated with the following life history traits: a. Metamorphosis b. Body size c. Diapause d. Samelparity / Iteroparity e. Age at sexual maturity

Turtles, lizards, and birds belong to one major lineage of amniotes, and_______ belong to another. a. sharks c. mammals b. frogs and toads d. salamanders

slands are well known for having many endemic (unique) species. What is a likely explanation for this pattern?   A. Humans bring partly or fully domesticated species with them when they arrive on islands.   B. Colonizers encounter fewer competitors on an island, so they can diversify.   C. Islands are more complex habitats than continents are, so they have more niches for specializations.   D. Colonizers are likely to have more diversity than local populations and thus outcompete them.   E. The type of organism that is a good colonizer has more than the average amount of genetic variability, so it's more likely to speciate.

Despite not sharing a recent common reptilian ancestor, both mammals and birds are homeotherms.  Which of the following statements best explains how this trait came about?   A. The development of homeothermic capabilities is the result of convergent evolution due to similar selection pressures   B. Similar development of homeothermic capabilities is the result of adaptive radiation from a reptilian ancestor   C. Birds and mammals diverged from dinosaurs, which were homeothermic   D. Mammals and birds both inherited homeothermic capabilities from an ancient reptilian ancestor and then diverged   E. Similar homeothermic capabilities in birds and mammals can be explained through homologous structures