that in 1000 memory references there are 50 misses in the first-level cache, 20 misses in the second-level cache, and 5 misses in the third-level cache. Assume the miss penalty from the L3 cache to memory is 100 clock cycle, the hit time of the L3 cache is 10 clocks, the hit time of the L2 cache is 4 clocks, the hit time of L1 is 1 clock cycle. What is the average memory access time?

Q: A cache memory system with capacity of N words and block size of B words is to be designed. If it is…

A: For a 4-way set associative cache, the length of the TAG field is given below:

Q: Given: A MIPS computer system with 1 GB of main memory. It has a 4K-Byte direct-mapped cache with a…

A: Given: *) computer system with 1 GB of main memory  *) 4K-Byte direct-mapped cache . *) block size…

Q: 1. For a direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address, the following bits of address are used to…

A: Cache Design Analysis: Cache is a hardware component that is used to store frequently accessed data…

Q: A cache is set up with a block size of 32 words. There are 16 blocks in cache and set up to be…

A: Block size = 32 words  Block Offset = 5 bits Total # of blocks inside cache = 16 So index bits = 4…

Q: A direct-mapped cache consists of 8 blocks. A byte-addressable main memory contains 4K blocks of…

A: Steps to calculate:Step 1: Calculate the cache hit rate (H)            H = Number of cache hits /…

Q: For a direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address, the following bits of the address are used…

A: The correct answer for the above mentioned question is given in the following steps for your…

Q: alculate the hit time at L2 cache in a 1.3GHz. processor assuming that the global average memory…

A: Given Data : Frequency = 1.3 GHz Average memory access time =  5.81 cycles Hit rate at L1 =  0.91%…

Q: In the event that a request cannot be fulfilled by the cache, the processor will submit a request to…

A: given So what precisely should happen when a processor submits a request that cannot be processed in…

Q: If we have to design a 4 - way set - associative cache of 8 MB size that could work for a main…

A: Answer 1> 221 (the number of cache blocks that 8MB cache can accommodate) Answer 2> Size  of…

Q: Suppose a computer using direct mapped cache has 23232 bytes of byte-addressable main memory, and a…

A: I have answered this question in step 2.

Q: Here is the question:  A direct-mapped cache consists of 8 blocks. A byte-addressable main memory…

A: Calculate the misses and hits for the given program that loops 3 times from addresses 0 to 75 (base…

Q: Computer Science Consider a direct-mapped cache with 8 lines, each holding 16 bytes of data.…

A: a) We must utilize the provided cache and memory sizes to calculate the number of bits for the tag,…

Q: For a direct-mapped cache design with a 64-bit address, the following bits of the address are used…

A:

Q: Suppose a byte-addressable computer using set associative cache has 4Mbyes of main memory and a…

A: Set-associative caches are an essential component of modern computer systems, aiming to improve data…

Q: Suppose we have a byte-addressable computer using 2-way set associative mapping with 16-bit main…

A: We have ,             2-way set associative mapping  Number of bits required to represent main…

Q: In the event of an unsatisfied cache request, what should happen to the block being sent to the main…

A: Unsatisfied: To be unsatisfied is to lack enjoyment or contentment with respect to something.…

Q: A certain processor uses a fully associative cache of size 16 kB. The cache block size is 16 bytes.…

A: The answer for the tag and index fields respectively in the addresses generated by the processor is

Q: A cache is set up with a block size of 32 words. There are 64 blocks in cache and set up to be 4-way…

A: Each block has 32 words, so the block offset = 25 words. So Block offset field can be represented by…

Q: Consider a machine with Byte Addressable main Memory of 4 GB ivided in to blocks of size 32 bytes.…

A: Here in this question we have given main memory= 4 GB  Block size = 32B Tag = 18 bit  Find - no of…

Q: re there in a set? ANSWER: cache has? ANSWER: address format is => | Tag: blocks sets bits | Set:…

A:

Q: In a microprocessor of 32 bit addresses, the tag length will change if we design a two-way…

A: two-way set-associate cache versus a four-way set- associative cache: Two way set associative cache…

Q: e access tim ess time of c -1 is thrice th ty from the L ock cycles. T of the system

A:

Q: Given a 4-way set associative cache, which has 256 blocks and 64 bytes per block. Assume a 32-bit…

A:

Q: Index Tag Tag (binary) | (8 bits) 1 Valid 00 01 (8 bits) | Valid 10 86 42 69 FD 11 000 AF BC 19 6D 1…

A: The maximum size of met in kb is  =25  =64 kb

Q: For a direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address, the following bits of the address are used…

A: For a direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address, the following bits of the address are…

Q: If memory read cycle takes 100 ns and a cache read cycle takes 20 ns, then for four continuous…

A: Memory Read cycle : 100nsCache Read cycle : 20ns Four continuous reference is done - one reference…

Q: Assume you have a 8-way set associative cache having 16K lines each having capacity of 8 Bytes. A…

A: First of all, we need to determine what the index bits are and from above we know the offset is 9…

Q: In the event of an unsatisfied cache request, what should happen to the block being sent to the main…

A: Unsatisfied: To be unsatisfied is to lack enjoyment or contentment with respect to something.…

Q: Assume you have a 8-way set associative cache having 16K lines each having capacity of 8 Bytes. A…

A: A.  Block size = 8 bytes So # of data bytes brought= size of block = 8

Q: Suppose a computer using a 4-way set associative cache mapping scheme has a 20-bits memory address…

A: Here in this question we have given 4 way set associative cache mapping Memory size = 20 bit  Block…

Q: Calculate the total number of lines of "direct mapping" cache, If a main memory is 1G words divided…

A: Given main memory size of 1G words  Block size = 32 words  Find = total no of line in cache.

Q: Assume a cache system has been designed such that each block contains 4 words and the cache has 1024…

A:

Q: A computer using a direct mapped cache has 220 Bytes of memory (byte addressable) and a cache of 32…

A: Given that a direct mapped cache has 220 Bytes of memorycache of 32 blocks, and each block contains…

Q: When considering a direct mapped cache with memory that is byte addressable, how would you calculate…

A: Cache Memory: A cache memory is the quickest memory other than the register from which the CPU…

Q: Assume the address format for a fully-associative cache is as follows: 6 bis 2 bits Tag Offset Given…

A: According to the information given:- We have to choose the memory reference OxDA results in a cache…

Q: How would you compute the number of tag bits in a direct mapped cache with byte addressable memory…

A: Introduction: The fastest memory, other than the register from which the CPU fetches data and…

Fundamentals of Input and Output Performance

The I/O subsystem is a component of computer system design that uses buses to assist communication between the Central Processing Unit, Computer Memory/Storage, and Input and Output Devices (that is known as peripheral devices). The I/O subsystem includes disc controllers, tape drives, discs, system buses, and other devices. The I/O database application reads and writes drives using the operating system windows I/O.