If memory read cycle takes 100 ns and a cache read cycle takes 20 ns, then for four continuous references, the first one brings the main memory contents to cache and the next three from cache. Find the time taken for the Read cycle with and without Cache? What is the Percentage speedup obtained?

Q: A cache memory system with capacity of N words and block size of B words is to be designed. If it is…

A: For a 4-way set associative cache, the length of the TAG field is given below:

Q: Assume a cache memory hit ratio is 93% and the hit time is one cycle, but the miss penalty is 40…

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Q: Find the total bits required for given data size and calculate overhead in percentage: - How many…

A: Direct mapping is the simplest strategy, and it maps every block of memory space into only one…

Q: For a direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address, the following bits of the address are used…

A: Given:   Using the direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address.   Offset(4-0) : which means…

Q: A cache is set up with a block size of 32 words. There are 16 blocks in cache and set up to be…

A: Block size = 32 words  Block Offset = 5 bits Total # of blocks inside cache = 16 So index bits = 4…

Q: sor, a read requ nanoseconds on was observed tha he hit.

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Q: Suppose a computer using fully associative cache has 224 bytes of byte-addressable main memory and a…

A: Given: The computer is using fully associative cache. Size of the main memory =  224 Bytes Size of…

Q: Question 2: Given that the main memory access time is 1200 ns and cache access time is 100 ns. The…

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Q: Find out tag-set-word bits for memory address: 24EA09CHfor two-way set associative (Assume cache…

A: Here in this question we have given  Main memory size = 64MB Cache size = 64KB Byte in each line =…

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Q: A cache memory has a line size of eight 64-bit words and a capacity of 4K words. The main memory…

A: A 64-bit word means 8 byte.Line size: 8 words in a line, means 8 x 8 bytes = 64 bytes in a line = 26…

Q: Consider a single-level cache with an access time of 5 ns, a block size of 128 bytes and a hit ratio…

A: For referring a word from main memory, we need to shift a 128 B from main memory to cache since…

Q: Let's pretend for a moment that we have a byte-addressable computer with 16-bit main memory…

A: The hierarchy of virtual memory in current computer systems is a sophisticated network of caches and…

Q: Suppose a computer using fully associative cache has 224 bytes of byte-addressable main memory and a…

A: Size of main memory = 224 bytes Size of cache= 128 bytes = 27 bytes Size of each block= 64 bytes =…

Q: Suppose we have a 16-bit main memory address and 32 blocks of cache memory accessible on a…

A: Virtual Memory Structure: The modern computer's memory hierarchy is a sophisticated arrangement of…

Q: re there in a set? ANSWER: cache has? ANSWER: address format is => | Tag: blocks sets bits | Set:…

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Q: In a microprocessor of 32 bit addresses, the tag length will change if we design a two-way…

A: two-way set-associate cache versus a four-way set- associative cache: Two way set associative cache…

Q: e access tim ess time of c -1 is thrice th ty from the L ock cycles. T of the system

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Q: Suppose we have a 16-bit main memory address and 32 blocks of cache memory accessible on a…

A: Organization of Virtual Memory: The current computer system's memory hierarchy is a complicated…

Q: Given a 4-way set associative cache, which has 256 blocks and 64 bytes per block. Assume a 32-bit…

A:

Q: Suppose a computer using fully associative cache has 224224 bytes of byte-addressable main memory…

A: Introduction: Faster access to memory may be achieved by putting frequently used data in the CPU's…

Q: Suppose we have a 16-bit main memory address and 32 blocks of cache memory accessible on a…

A: Organisation of virtual memory: The RAM and caches that make up the memory hierarchy in modern…

Q: Find the AMAT for a processor with a 1 ns clock cycle time, a miss penalty of 20 clock cycles, a…

A: Given that : Cycle time = 1 ns  Miss penalty = 20 clock cycles Miss rate = 0.05 misses per…

Q: Suppose a computer using fully associative cache has 216 bytes of byte-addressable main memory and a…

A: The computer is using fully associative cache. Size of the main memory = 216 bytes Size of the block…

Q: Suppose we have a 16-bit main memory address and 32 blocks of cache memory accessible on a…

A: The structure of virtual memory: Caches and RAM make up the contemporary computer system's memory…

Q: Calculate the total number of lines of "direct mapping" cache, If a main memory is 1G words divided…

A: Given main memory size of 1G words  Block size = 32 words  Find = total no of line in cache.

Q: A computer using a direct mapped cache has 220 Bytes of memory (byte addressable) and a cache of 32…

A: Given that a direct mapped cache has 220 Bytes of memorycache of 32 blocks, and each block contains…

Q: that in 1000 memory references there are 50 misses in the first-level cache, 20 misses in the…

A: According to the question, we have to find average memory access time. In step 2, we will find…

Q: What obstacles must be surmounted to devise a method for replacing cache that is compatible with any…

A: Designing a cache replacement method that is compatible with any address sequence poses several…

Q: 27. Why are the tag bits of a memory address important in a cache memory system? A. The more tag…

A: The tags of all cache lines in the specified set are compared to the tag bits. A cache hit occurs…

Q: Let's pretend for a moment that we had a byte-addressable computer with 2-way set associative…

A: Given computer with 2-way set associative mapping, 16-bit main memory addresses. 32 cache memory…

Q: An university student was trying improve the performance of one of the test computers. Computer…

A: Lets see the solution.

Q: A certain two-way set-associative cache has an access time of 4 ns, compared to a miss time of 60…

A: The access time of a two-way set-associative cache is 4 nanoseconds, whereas the miss time is 60…

Q: If the RAM has a two byte data word and address bits are grouped for direct mapping with a cache…

A: Balance bits = 5 bits so block offset = 5 pieces  Limit of square = 2^5 = 32 Bytes  Address =…

Q: Assume that for a certain processor, a read request takes 50 nanoseconds on a cache miss and 5…

A: Given: 80% of the processor's read requests result in a cache hit = 0.8 cache hit = 5 nanoseconds…

Q: A 2-way set-associative cache consists of four sets. Main memory contains 2K blocks of 8 bytes each…

A: Given: No of lines in a set=2No of set in Cache = 4Block size=8 bytes Therefore, Size of each cache…

Q: sical Address format the Cach d size are same (with word si the Physical Address format Memory. If…

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Q: s using write-thoug mits. The cache ope a read-hit ratio of system is such tha or read 70% of time…

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Q: Q1 Calculate the total number of lines of "direct mapping" cache, If a main memory is 1G words…

A: Here in this question we have given main memory size of 1G words  Block size = 32 words  Find =…

Fundamentals of Input and Output Performance

The I/O subsystem is a component of computer system design that uses buses to assist communication between the Central Processing Unit, Computer Memory/Storage, and Input and Output Devices (that is known as peripheral devices). The I/O subsystem includes disc controllers, tape drives, discs, system buses, and other devices. The I/O database application reads and writes drives using the operating system windows I/O.