Tetracyclines are another kind of antibiotics that are made by fungi. They work by inhibiting translation of proteins in bacteria. How can a fungus produce a translation-inhibiting toxin that kills bacteria but not itself? answer the following in 3-6 sentences.

Viruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.), which are synthesized through enzymatic dehydration reactions from building blocks and disassembled by enzymatic hydrolysis. They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight): Chemical components Nucleosides Amino acids Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates Percentage by weight 20 30 50 Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio): Nucleosides A G T C U Percentage by mole 19 29 19 29 4 Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…

Why do the penicillin and cephalosporin groups of drugs have mildertoxicity than other antibiotics? What are their primary side effects?

What makes bacterial diseases such as Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens & Clostridium tetani very effective to cause infection in a human host?

12) Identify the most correct choice: a) All fungi reproduce by binary fission. b) Fungi are prokaryotes. 0 c) Fungi obtain nourishment via photosynthesis. d) Fungi are eukaryotes 13) A circular piece of DNA has one unique Xhol site (only one). Therefore digestion of that DNA with Xhol enzyme results in the production of two bands on an agarose gel. () True False

A series of experiments shows that oil content in a diploid grain is influenced by five genes (a through e) with additive alleles. The highest-producing strain has 30o% oil content; the lowest has 10%. A plant of unknown genotype has an oil content of 22%. What is a possible genotype for this plant (+ = additive alleles)? O a+ a+ b+ bccddee O aa b+ b c+c d+ d+ e+ e+ O a+ a+ b+ b+ccddee O a+ a+ b+ b+ c+ c+ d+ de+ e O a+ a+ b+ b+ c+ c+ d+ dee

The figure below shows the life cycle of the fungus Neurospora. The adult stage of the Neurospora is a multicellular haploid.  Neurospora has an arginine amino acid synthesis pathway shown below. Suppose I have a Neurospora strain that has a mutation such that it will not grow unless I supplement the media (food) with arginine (but not with citrulline or ornithine). What gene is mutated? Explain your reasoning.

A Toxoplasma gondii mutant (shown below) was made by Hunter and Sibley. The mutant T. gondii had a truncated ROP18 gene which prevented ROP 18 from binding to the parasitophorous vacuole as shown in the figure below. What would you expect to see when a host mouse was infected with this mutant T. gondii? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a b с Question 3 Homework. Unanswered d e b Full-length ROP18 Prodomain, Signal peptide N- Low-complexity basic regions 10 Membrane targeting Catalytic domain ROP18 888 Nucleus Ser/Thr kinase 87118 900 69 000 Ø 8888 T. gondii C C Truncated ROP18 The mutated ROP18 protein would bind with IRG proteins in the cytoplasm and neutralize the effects of IRG. N ROP18 8 8 The mouse would have difficulty clearing the T. gondii infection due to the mutated ROP18 since the mutation would decrease the host's defenses against the parasite. 88 The ROP18 mutation would have no effect on the host's…

Name the element which caused minamatta disease in Japan.

You are working in a pathology lab studying the virus Examinaria in mice. You collect the following information about two competing Examinaria strains, Aggressive and Mild: 1. Aggressive always out-competes Mild within a mouse for a payoff of 1. 2. Mild co-exists with Mild in a host for a payoff of 12. 3. Mild always loses to Aggressive for a payoff of 0. 4. Aggressive competing with Aggressive in a host leads to early death of the mouse and a payoff of only 14. Make a payoff matrix to solve this game. Based on the payoff matrix, is there one best Evolutionarily Stable Strategy (ESS) in this game? Yes, Aggressive is the ESS Yes, Mild is the ESS No, Mixed ESS