Table 11.2 Urine Constituents Substance Protein (albumin) Glucose and amino acids Urea Water and salts NH₂+ In Blood of Glomerulus In Filtrate In Urine

What is the right order of filtrate urine through these structures: Ureter Distal convoluted tubule Urethra Collecting ducts in renal medulla toilet proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Glomerular capsule papillae of renal pyramids  Renal pelvis Urinary bladder

For each of the following processes, list the structures in the urinary system where they occur Filtration: Secretion: Excretion: Reabsorption:

Which of the following urine osmolarities reflects a period of decreased ADH secretion? 301 mOm/L 201 mOsm/L 401 mOsm/L

How do water and salts exit the blood and convert into urine? In your answer, please discuss the following terms: glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, collecting duct.

The visceral layer of a renal capsule consists of unusual, branching epithelial cells called: O loops of Henle podocytes O pericytes filtration slits

The glomerular filtrate contains a lower concentration of than does blood plasma. glucose O albumin O sodium water

A kidney stone (renal calculus) lodges in a ureter, blocking the flow of urine out of the kidney. What effect will this have on the glomerular filtration rate? Be as specific as possible.

The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are secreted. TRUE or FALSE

Which glomerular arteriole is larger, and why?       the efferent, because it increases hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus       the efferent, because it increases colloid oncotic pressure in the glomerulus       the afferent, because it increases hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus       the afferent, because it increases colloid oncotic pressure in the glomerulus