Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133594140
Author: James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher: PEARSON
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- 3.arrow_forwardSuppose a computer system uses 16-bit addresses for both its virtual and physical addresses. In addition, assume each page (and frame) has size 256 bytes. How many bits are used for the page number? How many bits are used for the offset? 8 bits each. With this system, what’s the maximum number of pages that a process can have? 256 Suppose that each entry in the page table comprises 4 bytes (including the frame number, the valid bit, and miscellaneous “bookkeeping bits”). An OS uses an array to store the page table. What is the size of the page table? 1024 Bytes Furthermore, suppose the first 6 pages of a process map to frames 222 to 227 (as decimal numbers), and the last 5 pages of the process map to frames 1 to 5 (also decimal numbers). All other pages are invalid. Draw the page table, including the valid bit and the frame number. DONE Translate the following virtual addresses to physical addresses, and show how you obtain the answers. (Hint: You do not need to convert…arrow_forwardSuppose a byte-addressable computer using set-associative cache has 216 bytes of main memory and a cache of 32 blocks, and each cache block contains 8 bytes.Q.) If this cache is 4-way set associative, what is the format of a memory address as seen by the cache?arrow_forward
- Suppose a computer using 8-way set associative cache has 1 M words of main memory, and a cache of 16 K words, where each cache block contains 8 words. What is the format of a memory address as seen by the cache, i.e., what are the sizes of the tag, set, and ?word fields Tag = 9-bit, Set = 8-bit, Word = 3-bit Tag = 9-bit, Set = 7-bit, Word =4-bit Tag = 9-bit, Set = 6-bit, Word = 5-bit Tag = 9-bit, Set = 5-bit, Word = 6-bitarrow_forwardSuppose we have a byte-addressable computer with a cache that holds 8 blocks of 16 bytes each. Assuming that each memory address has 16 bits, to which cache block would the hexadecimal address 0x13F map if the computer uses direct mapping? Blocks are numbered starting at 0.arrow_forwardConsider a direct-mapped cache memory with 12-bit addresses. The cache is byte-addressable. We have B = 16 bytes per block and S = 8 sets. For the address shown below. Indicate which bits correspond to the cache set index, tag bits, and block offset. Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0arrow_forward
- Convert the following Compact Memory Notation diagram into an Array Memory Notation diagram. Assume the addresses are 4-bit binary values and the data are 8-bit binary values. Hint: The solution to this question is simply the reformatted diagram in Array Notation.arrow_forwardQuestion 4arrow_forwardGiven a virtual memory of size 4 GiB, physical memory of size 512 KiB, and page size equal to 4 KiB. How many bits are used to specify a physical page number?arrow_forward
- For a direct-mapped cache design with a 32-bit address, the following bits of the address are used to access the cache. Tag 31-10 Index 9-5 a. What is the cache block size (in words)? b. How many entries does the cache have? Offset 4-0 c. What is the ratio between total bits required for such a cache implementation over the data storage bits?arrow_forwardGiven a virtual memory of size 4 GiB, physical memory of size 1 GiB, and page size equal to 256 KiB. How many bits are used to specify a virtual page number?arrow_forwardIf we had a computer that can only address data in bytes, but it has fully associative mapping, 16-bit main memory addresses, and 32-bit cache memory blocks. If each block is 16 bytes in size, then...(a) Count the number of bytes in the offset field.The tag field's size in pixels must be calculated (b).arrow_forward
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