ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780190931919
Author: NEWNAN
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Using the marginal benefit/marginal cost rule, what is the optimal population for screening?
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Using the marginal benefit/marginal cost rule, what is the optimal population for screening?
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- An article in JAMA by Mandelblatt et al (2002) compared the societal costs and benefits of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, Pap testing, and their combination to screen for cervical cancer. The paper studied 18 different population screening strategies – Pap testing alone, HPV testing alone, and Pap plus HPV testing – every 2 or 3 years for women beginning at age 20 and continuing to 65 years, 75 years, and death. The following table summarizes some of the results (low cost to high cost). Costs include screening and treatment costs, discounted over the individual’s expected lifetime. Strategy Cost ($) QALYs Saved Incremental Cost Incremental QALY ICER* 0. No screening 5,000 26.87 1. Pap every 3 years to age 75 6,825 27.02 2. HPV every 3 years to age 75 6,950 27.02 3. Pap every 2 years to age 75 7,275 27.04 4. Pap + HPV every 3 years to age 75 7,400 27.04 5. HPV every 2 years to age 75 7,450…arrow_forwarddo fast.arrow_forwardCan you please help me with this question don't understandarrow_forward
- Using the marginal benefit/marginal cost rule, what is the optimal population for screening?arrow_forwardIn recent decades, the cost of health care has Multiple Choice O O O risen fast due to both rising prices and increasing quantities of services consumed. risen solely because of rising prices of health care goods and services. E remained somewhat stable due to rising prices but falling quantities of services consumed. risen solely because of rising quantities of medical goods and services consumed. Savearrow_forward2. The CDC released the following data for the US population in its 2013 Vital Statistics report. Calculate the mortality rate for each age interval and add it to the table above. Then, below, describe the trends in adult and childhood mortality in the United States in 2013. Age interval Number dying in age interval Number surviving at beginning of age interval Mortality Rate (per 1000) 0-10 756 100,000 11-20 292 99,244 21-30 890 98,953 31-40 1,234 98,164 41-50 2,457 96,811 51-60 5,564 94,352 61-70 10,479 88,788arrow_forward
- The Team Making Cents Challenge: Consider the graph below and explain the meaning of it with regards to investments in public health. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forwardNumber of outpatient visit has.... and number of hospital beds has... over the last four decades in the US.arrow_forwardOver the past 40 years in the United States, the number of vehicles on the road has A) decreased but the number of vehicle miles has increased, and the pollution per car has increased. B) decreased, the number of vehicle miles has decreased, and the pollution per car has decreased. C) increased, the number of vehicle miles has increased, but the pollution per car has decreased D) increased, the number of vehicle miles has increased, and the pollution per car has increased.arrow_forward
- The accompanying table shows the results from a test for a certain disease. Find the probability of selecting a subject with a negative test result, given that the subject has the disease. What would be an unfavorable consequence of this error? The probability is (Round to three decimal places as needed.) What would be an unfavorable consequence of this error? O A. The test would be shown to be not effective. OB. The test would be shown to be not reliable. O C. The subject would experience needless stress and additional testing. O D. The subject would not receive treatment and could spread the disease. The individual actually had the disease Yes Positive 343 Negative 10 No 9 1148arrow_forward9. Consider the following hypothetical three-stage screening test for a cancer with the following rates of detection and costs: Stage 2 3 Number of Cases Detected 100 110 125 135 Total $150,000 $180,000 $250.000 $310.000 A. Calculate the average cost per cancer detected in the three stages. B. Calculate the marginal cost per cancer detected in the three stages. C. Suppose that the marginal benefit per treated case is $4,600 per person. What would be the optimal screening, given the costs?arrow_forwardPeople who drop out of high school are able to produce more health than college graduates because they have more free time to invest in health production. True Falsearrow_forward
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