Suppose a luminous sphere of radius R1 (such as the Sun) is surrounded by a uniform atmosphere of radius R2 > R1 and index of refraction n. When the sphere is viewed from a location far away in vacuum, what is its apparent radius (a) when R2 > nR1 and (b) when R2 < nR1?

A ray of light is incident at angle ?θ = 59° on the side of two stacked transparent blocks. The bottom block has index of refraction ?1n1 = 1.41. The ray enters the top block at angle ?ϕ = 40.6°. What is the index of refraction ?2n2 of the top block? Note: Angles may not be drawn to scale.

(a) A small light fixture on the bottom of a swimming pool is 0.86 m below the surface. The light emerging from the still water forms a circle on the water surface. What is the diameter of this circle? (Give your answer, in m, to at least two decimal places.) m (b) What If? If a 1.58 cm thick layer of oil (noil 1.35) is spread uniformly over the surface of the water, what is the diameter of the circle of light emerging from the swimming pool? (Give your answer, in m, to at least two decimal places.) m =

The drawing shows a ray of light traveling from point A to point B, a distance of 7.80 m in a material than has an index of refraction n1. At point B, the light encounters a different substance whose index of refraction is n2 = 1.63. The light strikes the interface at the critical angle of Thetac = 49.2°. How much time does it take for the light to travel from A to B?

A beam of light traveling in air strikes a slab of transparent material. The incident beam makes an angle of 60° with the normal, and the refracted beam make an angle of 50° with the normal. What is the speed of light in the transparent material? (c = 3.0 × 108 m/s) Provide the answer: x 108 m/s

A ray of light strikes a flat block of glass at an incidence angle of ?1 = 38.6°. The glass is 2.00 cm thick and has an index of refraction that equals ng = 1.52.   (a) What is the angle of refraction, ?2,that describes the light ray after it enters the glass from above? (Enter your answer in degrees to at least 2 decimal places.)   b.)With what angle of incidence, ?3,does the ray approach the interface at the bottom of the glass? (Enter your answer in degrees to at least 2 decimal places.)

Light traveling through medium 3 (n3 = 2.4) is incident on the interface with medium 2 (n2 = 2.0) at angle θ. If light does enter into medium 2 but no light enters into medium 1 (n1 = 1.6), what can we conclude about the range of values for θ?

The drawing shows a ray of light traveling from point A to point B, a distance of 6.60 m in a material than has an index of refraction n₁. At point B, the light encounters a different substance whose index of refraction is n₂ = 1.63. The light strikes the interface at the critical angle of 8= 48.1°. How much time does it take for the light to travel from A to B? Number i Units *₂= 1.63 #1