Separates DNA strands to expand the replication bubble. , DNA polymerase . Uses template strand to synthesize complete RNA transcripts. Primase I Cleaves the bond between two adjacent nucleotides in a strand. N. DNA consensus sequence at the 5 end of a gene where synthesis begins. • Ligase v. DNA sequence where replication will be initiated. • Helicase V. Synthesizes leading and lagging strands - origin VIL Synthesizes RNA primers to initiate strand synthesis VI Covalently links the DNA backbones of Okazaki fragments.

DNA polymerase 2 NaOH Match each of the options above to the items below. Splits the strands of double-stranded DNA Replicates DNA Halts DNA synthesis at base-specific points 3 Nucleotide terminator

PART 3: ELONGATION OF REPLICATION The figure below shows multiple snap shots of a replication fork elongating during replication. As the replication machinery progress along the template strands of the DNA, new DNA is synthesized. 1. On the figure below: a. Label all the 5' and 3' ends of the snap shots 2, 3 and 4. b. Label the leading and lagging strands in snap shot 2. c. Label all the enzymes represented by colorful shapes in the snap shots. Model 2 DNA replication E. coli have circular begins at a single chromosomes, location on the E. coli chromosome. This forms a replication bubble. Snap Shot #1 Snap Shot #2 Snap Shot #3 Snap Shot #4 $1.9 S 5' grod ed brod telesiboriqgoriq erit jods erd abilpeloun Diin ⑤ m This replication bubble can be split down the middle into two replication forks. One of these forks is shown in detail below. plasuosid ni biosbul '3' 53 53 wa wa 43 49

Which step of DNA replication occurs BEFORE DNA polymerase extends the new strand of DNA?  - a lagging strand is synthesized  -proofreading enzymes check the DNA -an RNA primer is synthesized -the RNA primers are replaced with DNA nucleotides

Reproduction of DNA Before DNA can copy itself the cell must make lots of extra A, T, G, and C. Then the DNA unzips between the two bases and adds nucleotides to each side of the unzipped DNA molecule. Original DNA Splits Open Adds New Nucleotides A- T-A= C-G T-A= -A= C-G= -%3D FA- -T Now, two DNA molecules exist where there was only one before. TION 1. Finish unzipping the DNA molecule pictured above, and draw the completed picture of the two “new" DNA molecules in the left margin. Use the same DNA sequences as the example above. 2. What are the two "new" DNA molecules built from? Explain. 3. Are the two "new" DNA molecules identical to the "original" DNA molecule? る。 TCAC TCAA UUUU UUD AÜ-C ACTT CGA JUUUO UDOUU

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State 3 simple ways in which RNA polymerase is the same as DNA polymerase.

How does the process of DNA replication impact mutations in an individual? All DNA replication stops when there is a mutation so the mutation won't hurt the individual O Replication only produces new DNA strands so the old stand with the mutation is destroyed OSince replication keeps the old strands as templates mutations maybe carried into future strand O Mutations are often lost since the cell with die during the replication process if the DNA is muta

BONUS: Why can't RNA viruses use cellular RNA Polymerase to copy their genetic information? Because cellular RNA Polymerases are O RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase O RNA Dependent DNA Polymerase O DNA Dependent RNA Polymerase O DNA Dependent DNA Polymerase prt s home

Medgie is creating his science fair project on DNA replication. His final display board shows the following. Human DNA Replication Steps Step 1 DNA unwinds in the nucleus Step 2 Complementary base pairs are deleted Step 3 DNA rewinds back together Step 4 The newly made DNA helix is placed in a cell formed in Mitosis According to Medgie's project, which of the following identifies and explains which of the steps is incorrect? O Step 4 is incorrect because not all human cells require DNA. O Step 3 is incorrect because the DNA remains unwound to be transcribed into RNA. Step 2 is incorrect because the complementary base pairs are used as a template, not deleted. Step 1 is incorrect because DNA doesn't unwind in the nucleus, instead it unwinds in the cytoplasm Previous