RNA virus populations derive their genetic variation from what process? Transcription from the host cell RNA polymerase introduces numerous mutations. Capsid proteins from the host cell can replace the viral capsid. Viral RNA is translated by host cell ribosomes. High mutation rate due to lack of proofreading of RNA genome replication errors.

Viruses are made up of the same biomolecules as cellular organisms (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.), which are synthesized through enzymatic dehydration reactions from building blocks and disassembled by enzymatic hydrolysis. They infect cells and replicate themselves using resources from the host cells. Scientists discovered a previously unknown strain of virus in the tropical Pacific Ocean and it can infect higher-order eukaryotes. Initial analysis revealed that the virus is mainly composed of nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Chemical analysis after complete hydrolysis revealed the following building blocks (by weight): Chemical components Nucleosides Amino acids Lipids, phosphates, and carbohydrates Percentage by weight 20 30 50 Analysis of percentages of nucleosides yielded the following results (by molar ratio): Nucleosides A G T C U Percentage by mole 19 29 19 29 4 Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase performs which of the following functions? O 1) Uncoats the viral genome 2) transcribes retroviral RNA genomes into DNA 3) Replicates RNA into RNA O 4) Replicates DNA into RNA 5) Shuttles RNA genomes into the nucleus for assembly

Categorize the following as being associated with transformation, conjugation, or transduction. Note that some items may be associated with more than one process. Transformation Conjugation Transduction requires a virus can transfer dead bacterium's DNA to a new host cell efficient way to get naked plasmid into E. coli cells in the lab involves a pilus describes type of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria cells need to be competent process exploitod by biotechnology transfer requires at least two living bacteria alters bacterial genome