Researchers have suggested that sleep apnoea (the tendency to occasionally stop breathing when asleep) may worsen the effects of allergen-induced asthma. To investigate this possibility, Johnson and colleagues (2015), compared two groups of rats, a normal healthy non-allergic group, and a second group that were mildly allergic to ovalbumin. They subjected these rats to one of two treatments – 1) a 10-minute period of induced hypoxia (oxygen down to 10% of the air), representing the kind of temporary hypoxia that sufferers of sleep apnoea may be subjected to, and 2) a control (normal air) group. They then compared the respiratory function of both groups in these two treatments by using a two-factor ANOVA.   What are the 3 null hypotheses are being tested in the ANOVA?  What is the result of the test of the interaction effect from this analysis? What would be the most correct interpretation this result, based on the plot of means?          Source df F P Rat type 1 21.88 <0.0001 Oxygen treatment 1 141.13 <0.0001 Rat type x oxygen treatment 1 15.68 <0.001 Residual 36

Your research group wants to explore the possibility that a particular kind of Tibetan meditation (shamata meditation) increases the capacity of iconic memory. You go to a center where experienced Tibetan Buddhist meditators regularly practice. You randomly select 10 of these people to participate in your experiment. Your dependent variable is the number of digits recalled from iconic memory. You test them before and after a 5 weeks' intensive meditation course. You predict that their iconic memory will be enhanced (better recall) as a result of the attentional training that the meditation gives. Here is the data you collect: Before: 6;6;6;7;5;7;5;5;6;6 After: 8;7;7;8;7;8;6;7;6;8 1. What is the null hypothesis? What is the alternative hypothesis? (use symbols and not words)

I am interested in knowing how best to treat depression; I want to measure the impact of different treatments on depressive symptoms. I assign 30 individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder into 3 separate groups: 1) no treatment 2) 10mg of a common antidepressant, and 3) an exercise regimen. The DV is the number of depressive symptoms one week after treatment. Using the following data, run a between-subjects ANOVA at alpha = 0.05 to determine whether type of drug has an effect on symptoms.  Control/No Treatment 10mg Antidepressant Exercise 6 3 0 10 4 2 5 2 2 10 4 3 7 5 1 9 5 1 7 4 3 9 3 0 9 5 2 6 2 1   What is the null hypothesis? ________________________ What is the alternative hypothesis? __________________ What is the critical F value? _________________

We have a sample of 2,400 geriatric patients who are in an assisted living home, of which 1,200 participated in a new preventative Drug A. Rates of UTIs tend to be higher than average among this population. As part of a preventative and treatment intervention, we are examining the performance of several drugs: Preventative Drug (before the onset of UTI) Drug A: preventative UTI drug taken daily in hopes to prevent the growth of bacteria that causes UTIs Treatment Drugs (after the onset of UTI) Drug B: New antibiotic for treating UTIs Drug C: Conventional antibiotic for treating UTIs Information for how many patients took each drug or combination of drugs is summarized below in the two tables. Use these to answer questions a) -d) Table 1. Summary of performance of drug A: UTI rates among those taking and not taking drug A Did not take Drug A Did take Drug A Total UTI 759 887 1646 No UTI 441 312 753 Total 1200 1200 2400 Table 2. Summary of performance of drug B and C: recovery…