Substrate cycling does not violate the laws of thermodynamics in making both directions of a reaction favorable. Explain in regards to the Table with Step 3 of Glycolysis TABLE 18.1Reactions and Thermodynamics of GlycolysisAG°!AGKegat 25°CReactionEnzyme(kJ/mol)(kJ/mol)a-D-Glucose + ATP4- =Hexokinase-16.7850- 33.9*glucose-6-phosphate?- + ADP3- + H+= fructose-6-phosphate?-GlucokinaseGlucose-6-phosphate²- :Fructose-6-phosphate?- + ATP4-=PhosphoglucoisomerasePhosphofructokinase+1.670.51-2.92-14.2310-18.8fructose-1,6-bisphosphatet- + ADP³- + H+Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatetdihydroxyacetone-P2- + glyceraldehyde-3-P2-Dihydroxyacetone-P²-Glyceraldehyde-3-P2- + P;?- + NAD+=Fructose bisphosphate+23.96.43 X 10-5-0.23aldolase= glyceraldehyde-3-P2-Triose phosphate isomerase+7.560.0472+2.41Glyceraldehyde-3-PdehydrogenasePhosphoglycerate kinase+6.300.0786-1.291,3-bisphosphoglycerate- + NADHH+1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate + ADP³-=-18.92060+0.13-P-glycerate3- + ATP4-3-Phosphoglycerate =2-phosphoglycerate-2-Phosphoglycerate³-Phosphoglycerate mutase+4.40.169+0.83Enolase+1.80.483+1.1phosphoenolpyruvate³- + H,OPhosphoenolpyruvate³- + ADP3- + H+ =Pyruvate kinase-31.73.63 X 105-23.0pyruvate¯ + ATP4-Pyruvate + NADH + H† 2 lactate¯ + NAD+Lactate dehydrogenase-25.22.63 × 104-14.8*AG values calculated for 31OK (37°C) using the data in Table 18.2 for metabolite concentrations in erythrocytes. AG°' values are assumed to be the same at 25° and 37°C.

Third step of glycolysis, fructose-6-phosphate is converted to fructose- 1,6-bisphosphate by…

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Biochemistry

Reactions and Thermodynamics of Glycolysis

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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