• Question 9: Write a rate equation for each reaction, given the indicated mechanism. a. CH³CH₂-Br + OH b. (CH3)3C-Br slow (CH3)3C+ + Br CH₂=CH₂ + H₂O + Br- OH fast (CH3)2C=CH₂ + H₂O

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**Question 9:** Write a rate equation for each reaction, given the indicated mechanism.

**a.** CH₃CH₂Br + ⁻OH → CH₂=CH₂ + H₂O + Br⁻

**b.** (CH₃)₃CBr  
slow → (CH₃)₃C⁺ + Br⁻  
fast → (CH₃)₂C=CH₂ + H₂O

### Explanation:

- **Reaction a:** This is a substitution reaction where ethyl bromide (CH₃CH₂Br) reacts with hydroxide ion (⁻OH) to form ethylene (CH₂=CH₂), water (H₂O), and bromide ion (Br⁻).

- **Reaction b:** This involves a two-step mechanism. In the first, slow step, tert-butyl bromide ((CH₃)₃CBr) dissociates into a carbocation ((CH₃)₃C⁺) and a bromide ion (Br⁻). In the fast second step, the carbocation reacts to form an alkene ((CH₃)₂C=CH₂) and water (H₂O).
Transcribed Image Text:**Question 9:** Write a rate equation for each reaction, given the indicated mechanism. **a.** CH₃CH₂Br + ⁻OH → CH₂=CH₂ + H₂O + Br⁻ **b.** (CH₃)₃CBr slow → (CH₃)₃C⁺ + Br⁻ fast → (CH₃)₂C=CH₂ + H₂O ### Explanation: - **Reaction a:** This is a substitution reaction where ethyl bromide (CH₃CH₂Br) reacts with hydroxide ion (⁻OH) to form ethylene (CH₂=CH₂), water (H₂O), and bromide ion (Br⁻). - **Reaction b:** This involves a two-step mechanism. In the first, slow step, tert-butyl bromide ((CH₃)₃CBr) dissociates into a carbocation ((CH₃)₃C⁺) and a bromide ion (Br⁻). In the fast second step, the carbocation reacts to form an alkene ((CH₃)₂C=CH₂) and water (H₂O).
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