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- QUESTION 3 C3bBb is the soluble C3 convertase that initiates the alternative pathway, while iC3bBb is the C3 convertase that splits C3 into C3a an dC3b on the surface of a pathogen. O True O False QUESTION 4 Acute phase proteins: O A. Acts as an opsonin O B. All of the above are functions of acute phase proteins. O C. Activates MASP O D. Enhance complement fixation O E. Bind to lipopolysaccharidesQuestion 23 You are a bacterium in the bloodstream. What are you most likely to encounter? O complement proteins that will lyse you O T cells that will phagocytose you O mucus that you will get trapped in mast cells that will release granules on youQUESTION 17 The innate immune system: O A. contains numerous components to protect against many different types of pathogens O B. consists of epidermal layers to prevent pathogen entry OC.numerous cells and chemicals to fight pathogens O D. all of the above QUESTION 18 If someone had a cut in their skin and bacteria entered, this means: O A. there was a failure of the external innate immunity defenses O B. there was a successful internal innate immune response OC. both A and B D. neither A nor B
- Question 21 Which normally will last a life time? O immunity from an injection of gamma globulin O naturally acquired, passively gained immunity O immunity gained from breast milk antibodies O naturally acquired active immunityQuestion 22 Which of these combats invaders by releasing granules? О В сel O dendritic cell O eosinophil O macrophageQUESTION 59 Mebendazole, niclosamide, and ivermectin are drugs used to treat O virus infections. O helminthic O bacterial O fungal O protozoan QUESTION 60 Inflammation is a nonspecific defensive reaction to a tissue injury. O True O False QUESTION 61 How does the complement system aid in the defensive responses of an organism? O Lysis of antibody-coated Gram-negative bacteria O Activation of phagocytic cells O Attraction of phagocytic cells O All of the choices are correct.
- Question 24 A successful COVID-19 vaccine would trigger production of "neutralizing antibodies". How would these neutralizing antibodies protect us from infection with COVID-19 virus? O complement activation which leads to virus lysis O agglutination of viruses so they cannot attach to host cells O by opsonizing, coating virus to increase phagocytic killing O by binding to viral adhesins, blocking attachment to human cells Question 25Question 106 106. Put the events of initial allergen sensitization in order. APC ingests, digests, and presents the allergen to B lymphocytes [ Choose ] [Choose ] plasma cells produce IgE against allergen second fırst IgE attach to mast cells third Question 107Question 64 64.Host Defenses. A child's first vaccination_: O is of little value will fail to trigger clonal selection, activation and expansion of lymphocytes stimulates a primary immune response and production of memory cells against a specific antiger O is not antigen specific
- 11. Neutrophils are the first leukocytes to enter infected tissues in large numbers. O True FalseQUESTION 21 A strain of Neissena gonorhea has a mutation which has caused it to lose the ability to produce functional lipid A and has become less virulent as a consequence What func O a the ability to prevent phagocytes killing ithe ablity to prevent phagocytes kiling it Ob the ability to produce an endotoxin Oc the ability to adhere to celts of the body Od. the ability to resist antibiotics Oe the ability to establish a latent infection QUESTION 22 A communicable disease that can be easily transmitted from person to person is which type of disease? O contagious O iatrogenic O nosocomial acute QUESTION 23 Organisms such as Mycobactenum tuberculosis that produce mycolic acid are associated with Oa. damaging collagen. O b. damaging the nervous system. Oc. damaging red blood cell membranes Od. surviving phagocytosis.Question 34 Which of the following is NOT an example of innate antimicrobial drug resistance? slow growth (high doubling time) O having a tough, impermeable cell wall composition O having an outer membrane O recieving a gene for B-lactamase Question 35 Which of the folowing is a rationale behind semisynthetic antimicrobials? O Overcome bacterial resistance mechanisms O Increase dysbiosis O Decrease a drug's therapeutic index O Prevent uptake by bacterlal cells