QUESTION 17 The assertion that "there is no free lunch" means that: OA. there are always trade-offs between economic goals OB. all production involves the use of OC.marginal analysis is used in economic reasoning D.choices need not be made if behavior is rational scarce resources and thus the sacrifice of alternative goods QUESTION 18 Any point inside the production possibilities curve indicates. A, that resources are imperfectly substitutable among alternative uses. O B. the presence of OC. the presence inflationary of technological change O D. that more output could be produced with the available pressures resources QUESTION 19 Although sleeping in on a work day or school day has an opportunity cost, sleeping late on the weekend does not O True

Would an op-ed piece in a newspaper urging the adoption of a particular economic policy be a positive or normative statement?

Figure 1 The production possibility frontier ABCDE is a production possibility frontier. It shows the different combinations of goods which can be produced if all resources are fully and efficiently utilised. The economy can produce at any point on the line. It cannot produce at G because the PPF shows the maximum that can be produced. It can produce within the PPF,05 such as at F, but less will be produced than the maximum possible. Non-manufactured goods 50 40 30 20 10 0 A 10 B Ti C 20 30 Manufactured goods G D E 40

2. Below is a production possibilities frontier (PPF) for Happyland, acountry that produces only two goods- wine and cheese. wine cheese a) Explain what the production possibilities frontier is and how it illustrates scarcity. b) What happens to the marginal opportunity costof cheese production in Happyland as the country increases its cheese production? (increase, decrease, unchanged or indeterminate?) Explain how you can tell this from the PPFand why it happens. c) Briefly describe two specific policies the government of Happyland could undertake to shift out their PPF in future periods. (By specific policies, I mean something they can actually do to change productivity for either or both of these goods. "Increase resources," for example, is not a specific policy. What resources and what type of policy could increase the resources used for either of these products?)